Trust Among International Organizations

Trust Among International Organizations
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国际组织间的信任

DOI:
10.1057/978-1-137-36039-7_19
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发表时间:
2017
期刊:
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Kasten
Kasten
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Brugger;Philipp;Hasenclever;Andreas;Kasten

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不确定性阻碍合作,信任减少不确定性。在更广泛的社会科学中,信任被概念化为一种促进合作的方式,在这种情况下,控制要么无法达到所需的程度,要么是防止剥削的无效工具。最近,国际关系(IR)的学者也开始探索信任的分析价值,以更好地理解国家间关系。然而,到目前为止,关于国际组织内部和国际组织之间信任的系统研究极为稀少。本章介绍了信任研究的主要概念基础,并讨论了如何将其应用于IR中组织间关系的研究。关于这一主题的指导思想可以从管理和组织科学中引入,其中丰富的文献讨论了组织之间建立信任的不同前提和影响。在这些文献的帮助下,我们解决了IR信任研究的主要概念挑战:将组织间信任理论化为一个跨不同层次分析的动态过程。构成这一挑战并因此指导本章的三个子问题如下:第一,如何概念化信任,使其与其他减少不确定性的机制相比,不会掩盖其独特的特征。我们要解决的第二个问题是如何理解信任作为一种组织间的属性:个人信任如何与组织层面的信任相关并相互作用?第三个问题涉及信任建立过程和组织间合作的不同实践之间的复杂互动:信任如何影响合作,以及它又如何受到合作实践的影响?在回答这些问题时,我们为进一步的研究提供了概念基础。
Uncertainty impedes cooperation and trust reduces uncertainty. In the wider social sciences, trust is conceptualized as a way to promote cooperation where control is either not feasible to the degree needed or an inefficient instrument to prevent exploitation. More recently, scholars in International Relations (IR) also started to explore the analytical value of trust to better understand interstate relations. Until now, however, systematic research about trust in and among international organizations is extremely sparse. Our chapter presents the main conceptual foundations of trust research and discusses how to apply them to the study of inter-organizational relations in IR. Guiding ideas on this topic can be imported from management and organization science, where a rich literature discusses different antecedents and effects of trust-building between organizations. With the help of this literature, we tackle the main conceptual challenge of IR trust research: to theorize inter-organizational trust as a dynamic process across different levels of analysis. The three sub-questions that make up this challenge and hence guide our chapter are the following: First, how to conceptualize trust in a way that does not occlude its unique features when compared to other mechanisms of uncertainty reduction. The second question we address is how to make sense of trust as an inter-organizational property: How does individual trust relate to and interact with trust at the organizational level? The third question concerns the complex interactions between trust-building processes and different practices of inter-organizational cooperation: How does trust affect cooperation, and how is it in turn affected by cooperative practices? In answering these questions, we provide a conceptual foundation for further research.
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