Rapid prototyping of cell culture microdevices using parylene-coated 3D prints.
Rapid prototyping of cell culture microdevices using parylene-coated 3D prints.
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DOI：
10.1039/d1lc00744k
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发表时间：
2021-12-07
期刊：
影响因子：
6.1
通讯作者：
Lippmann ES
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
O'Grady BJ;Geuy MD;Kim H;Balotin KM;Allchin ER;Florian DC;Bute NN;Scott TE;Lowen GB;Fricker CM;Fitzgerald ML;Guelcher SA;Wikswo JP;Bellan LM;Lippmann ES
通过光刻法制造微流体装置通常需要专门的培训和进入洁净室。作为一种替代方案，3D打印可以实现具有复杂功能的微型器件的成本效益制造，这些功能适用于许多生物医学应用。然而，常用的树脂具有细胞毒性，不适用于涉及细胞的器械。此外，3D打印通常对弹性体聚合是难处理的，使得它们不能用作用于由聚合物（例如，聚二甲基硅氧烷或PDMS）制造装置的主模具。不同的印后处理策略，如热固化，紫外线曝光和硅烷涂层，已被探索以克服这些障碍，但没有一个被证明是普遍有效的。在这里，我们展示了聚对二甲苯（一种常用于医疗器械应用的聚合物）薄层的沉积，使3D打印具有生物相容性，并允许它们用作弹性体器械制造的主模具。当放置在含有人类神经元的培养皿中时，无论树脂类型如何，未涂覆的3D打印都会浸出有毒物质，在48小时内产生完全的细胞死亡，而如果打印用聚对二甲苯涂覆，则细胞在21天内表现出均匀的活力和健康的形态。不同形状和尺寸的各种PDMS设备很容易从聚对二甲苯涂层的3D打印模具中铸造而成，没有任何可见的缺陷。作为概念验证，我们快速原型化并测试了不同类型的PDMS设备，包括三腔灌注芯片、液滴发生器和微孔。总的来说，我们认为，这种技术的简单性和可重复性将使其有吸引力的制造传统的微器件和快速原型新的设计。特别是，通过最大限度地减少用户对制造和打印后处理步骤的干预，我们的策略可以帮助生物医学研究界更容易使用微流体。
Fabrication of microfluidic devices by photolithography generally requires specialized training and access to a cleanroom. As an alternative, 3D printing enables cost-effective fabrication of microdevices with complex features that would be suitable for many biomedical applications. However, commonly used resins are cytotoxic and unsuitable for devices involving cells. Furthermore, 3D prints are generally refractory to elastomer polymerization such that they cannot be used as master molds for fabricating devices from polymers (e.g. polydimethylsiloxane, or PDMS). Different post-print treatment strategies, such as heat curing, ultraviolet light exposure, and coating with silanes, have been explored to overcome these obstacles, but none have proven universally effective. Here, we show that deposition of a thin layer of parylene, a polymer commonly used for medical device applications, renders 3D prints biocompatible and allows them to be used as master molds for elastomeric device fabrication. When placed in culture dishes containing human neurons, regardless of resin type, uncoated 3D prints leached toxic material to yield complete cell death within 48 hours, whereas cells exhibited uniform viability and healthy morphology out to 21 days if the prints were coated with parylene. Diverse PDMS devices of different shapes and sizes were easily cast from parylene-coated 3D printed molds without any visible defects. As a proof-of-concept, we rapid prototyped and tested different types of PDMS devices, including triple chamber perfusion chips, droplet generators, and microwells. Overall, we suggest that the simplicity and reproducibility of this technique will make it attractive for fabricating traditional microdevices and rapid prototyping new designs. In particular, by minimizing user intervention on the fabrication and post-print treatment steps, our strategy could help make microfluidics more accessible to the biomedical research community.
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影响因子：
4.6
作者：
Waheed S;Cabot JM;Macdonald NP;Kalsoom U;Farajikhah S;Innis PC;Nesterenko PN;Lewis TW;Breadmore MC;Paull B
通讯作者：
Paull B
影响因子：
46.9
作者：
Kong, David S.;Thorsen, Todd A.;Carr, Peter A.
通讯作者：
Carr, Peter A.
影响因子：
64.8
作者：
Birey F;Andersen J;Makinson CD;Islam S;Wei W;Huber N;Fan HC;Metzler KRC;Panagiotakos G;Thom N;O'Rourke NA;Steinmetz LM;Bernstein JA;Hallmayer J;Huguenard JR;Paşca SP
通讯作者：
Paşca SP
影响因子：
8.4
作者：
Sasaki, Hirotaka;Onoe, Hiroaki;Takeuchi, Shoji
通讯作者：
Takeuchi, Shoji
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.1417115112
发表时间：
2015-01-06
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Jeon, Jessie S.;Bersini, Simone;Kamm, Roger D.
通讯作者：
Kamm, Roger D.