Building rational cooperation on their own: Learning to start small

Building rational cooperation on their own: Learning to start small
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建立自己的理性合作:学会从小事做起

DOI:
10.1111/jpet.12322
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发表时间:
2018
影响因子:
1.1
通讯作者:
Samuelson, Larry
Samuelson, Larry
中科院分区:
经济学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Andreoni, James;Kuhn, Michael A.;Samuelson, Larry

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我们报告了一个两次博弈的囚徒困境的实验结果,在这个博弈中,玩家可以选择在两个阶段中的赌注分配。我们的出发点是这样一个假设,即只要对手有足够的可能合作,一些人(但不是所有人)就愿意合作。这种类型的存在可以被用来加强合作,通过构建两次博弈的囚徒困境来“从小处着手”,这样第二阶段的赌注就比第一阶段的赌注大(但不会大得太多)。我们比较的条件下,选择外生的条件下,它是由玩家自己选择的赌注的分配。我们发现,在两次博弈的囚徒困境中,参与者倾向于从小处着手的收益最大化策略。有趣的是,这样做的有益回报效应比外生选择相同分配时产生的回报效应要大。
We report experimental results for a twice‐played prisoners' dilemma in which the players can choose the allocation of the stakes across the two periods. Our point of departure is the assumption that some (but not all) people are willing to cooperate, as long as their opponent is sufficiently likely to do so. The presence of such types can be exploited to enhance cooperation by structuring the twice‐played prisoners' dilemma to “start small,” so that the second‐stage stakes are larger (but not too much larger) than the first‐stage stakes. We compare conditions where the allocation of stakes is chosen exogenously to conditions where it is chosen by the players themselves. We show that players gravitate toward the payoff‐maximizing strategy of starting small in a twice‐played prisoners' dilemma. Intriguingly, the salutary payoff effects of doing so are larger than those that arise when the same allocation is exogenously chosen.
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