Event Attribution science in adaptation decision-making: the context of extreme rainfall in urban Senegal

Event Attribution science in adaptation decision-making: the context of extreme rainfall in urban Senegal
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适应决策中的事件归因科学:塞内加尔城市极端降雨的背景

DOI:
10.1080/17565529.2019.1571401
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发表时间:
2019
影响因子:
4.3
通讯作者:
Young H
Young H
中科院分区:
环境科学与生态学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Young H

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事件归因评估气候变化对个别极端事件的影响。虽然科学家们认为这些结果可能与气候适应政策相关,但这方面的实证调查很少,特别是在发展中地区。以塞内加尔为例,通过对关键线人的访谈、研讨会和文件分析,研究了有关城市地区极端降水和洪水的国家适应政策背景,以及支持这一政策所需的科学信息。研究发现,塞内加尔的洪水主要被视为一个城市规划问题,而不是气候变化问题,解决洪水影响的行动侧重于城市社区当前的脆弱性,而没有考虑气候变化的风险。虽然利益相关者认为事件归因可能有助于了解气候变化影响和极端事件的未来风险,但由于气候信息在适应决策中的作用有限,目前尚不清楚是否有机会这样做。尽管无论风险是否与气候变化有关,都有必要解决对极端事件的脆弱性问题,但如果要使长期规划具有弹性,那么就需要考虑有关极端事件风险未来变化的知识,即使个别事件不归因于气候变化。
Event attribution assesses the effect of climate change on individual extreme events. While scientists have suggested that results could be relevant for climate adaptation policy, this has had little empirical investigation, particularly in developing regions. Taking the case of Senegal, the national adaptation policy context regarding extreme precipitation and flooding in urban areas, and the scientific information needed to support this policy is investigated using key informant interviews, a workshop and document analysis. Flooding in Senegal was found to be viewed primarily as an urban planning concern rather than a climate change issue, with actions to address the impacts focussing on current vulnerabilities of urban communities without considering changing climate risks. While stakeholders thought event attribution might be useful to inform about climate change impacts and future risks of extreme events, it is unclear whether there would be an opportunity for this at present, due to the limited role climate information has in adaptation decision-making. While addressing vulnerability to extremes is necessary whether or not the risk is climate change-related, if long-term planning is to be resilient then knowledge about future changes in risks of extremes will need to be considered, even if individual events are not attributed to climate change.
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