Review: Immunogenetics of human placentation.

Review: Immunogenetics of human placentation.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.placenta.2011.11.020
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发表时间:
2012-02
期刊:
影响因子:
3.8
通讯作者:
Guethlein, L. A.
Guethlein, L. A.
中科院分区:
医学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Parham, P.;Norman, P. J.;Abi-Rached, L.;Hilton, H. G.;Guethlein, L. A.

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自然杀伤细胞(NK)是一种具有免疫防御和生殖功能的淋巴细胞群。NK细胞表型和功能的多样化是NK细胞受体与主要组织相容性复合体(MHC) I类配体之间的相互作用。由于强而可变的选择,这些配体-受体系统是多态的,快速进化的,并且具有相当的物种特异性。与人类系统相对应的HLA I类配体和杀伤细胞免疫球蛋白样受体(KIR)仅存在于类人猿和旧大陆猴中。HLA- c是人类KIR的显性配体,也是滋养细胞表达的唯一多态性HLA- I类,进一步局限于人类和类人猿。即便如此,人类的生殖系统似乎与黑猩猩的有本质上的不同,因为人类已经进化出了一种遗传平衡,在有利于繁殖成功的特定受体和配体群体与与无序胎盘相关的其他受体和配体群体之间存在着遗传平衡。在连续的流行病和人口瓶颈事件中幸存下来的人类群体保持了KIR和HLA I类的广泛多样性,这意味着这种多样性的丧失不利于人类群体的长期生存。
Natural killer (NK) cells are a population of lymphocytes that function in both immune defense and reproduction. Diversifying NK cell phenotype and function are interactions between NK cell receptors and major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I ligands. As a consequence of strong and variable selection these ligand-receptor systems are polymorphic, rapidly evolving, and considerably species-specific. Counterparts to the human system of HLA class I ligands and killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIR) are present only in apes and Old World monkeys. HLA-C, the dominant ligand for human KIR and the only polymorphic HLA class I expressed by trophoblast, is further restricted to humans and great apes. Even then, the human system appears qualitatively different from that of chimpanzees, in that it has evolved a genetic balance between particular groups of receptors and ligands that favor reproductive success and other groups of receptors and ligands that have been correlated with disordered placentation. Human populations that have survived successive episodes of epidemic disease and population bottlenecks maintain a breadth of diversity for KIR and HLA class I, implying that loss of such diversity disfavors long-term survival of a human population.
长臂猿中 MHC-C 和 MHC-G 的缺失伴随着一个小的、可变的和不规则的杀伤细胞 Ig 样受体位点。
DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.0903016
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影响因子: --
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期刊: HUMAN REPRODUCTION
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