Aging of the immune system: Focus on inflammation and vaccination.

Aging of the immune system: Focus on inflammation and vaccination.
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DOI:
10.1002/eji.201546178
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发表时间:
2016-10
影响因子:
5.4
通讯作者:
Cossarizza, Andrea
Cossarizza, Andrea
中科院分区:
医学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Pinti, Marcello;Appay, Victor;Campisi, Judith;Frasca, Daniela;Fulop, Tamas;Sauce, Delphine;Larbi, Anis;Weinberger, Birgit;Cossarizza, Andrea

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在预防、延缓或治愈个体疾病方面的重大进展是我们星球发达地区寿命越来越长的原因,事实上,现在达到8- 90岁的寿命是非常常见的。然而,医疗和卫生的进步并没有阻止或延缓老年人发生不同病理的根本原因:衰老本身。确定的基础上的老化过程,驱动多种病理和功能丧失的典型老年人是一个重大的挑战,在目前的老龄化研究。在可能的原因中,免疫系统的损伤起着主要作用,事实上,许多研究已经描述了随着年龄的增长而发生的免疫学变化。本文将重点介绍细胞信号转导和免疫反应重塑在人类衰老和长寿过程中的作用,特别关注与所谓的炎症过程有关的现象,如先天免疫失调,改变T细胞或B细胞成熟和分化,以及免疫老化对老年人疫苗接种策略的影响。
Major advances in preventing, delaying or curing individual pathologies are responsible for an increasingly long life span in the developed parts of our planet, and indeed reaching 8–9 decades of life is nowadays extremely frequent. However, medical and sanitary advances have not prevented or delayed the underlying cause of the disparate pathologies occurring in the elderly: aging itself. The identification of the basis of the aging processes that drives the multiple pathologies and loss of function typical of older individuals is a major challenge in current aging research. Among the possible causes, an impairment of the immune system plays a major role, and indeed numerous studies have described immunological changes which occur with age. Far from the intention of being exhaustive, this review will focus on recent advances and views on the role that modifications of cell signalling and remodelling of the immune response play during human aging and longevity, paying particular attention to phenomena which are linked to the so called inflammaging process, such as dysregulation of innate immunity, altered T-cell or B-cell maturation and differentiation, as well as to the implications of immune aging for vaccination strategies in the elderly.
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