Memory failure predicted by attention lapsing and media multitasking.
Memory failure predicted by attention lapsing and media multitasking.
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DOI：
10.1038/s41586-020-2870-z
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发表时间：
2020-11
期刊：
影响因子：
64.8
通讯作者：
Wagner AD
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Madore KP;Khazenzon AM;Backes CW;Jiang J;Uncapher MR;Norcia AM;Wagner AD
随着数字媒体和技术的爆炸式发展，评论家们越来越多地谈论“注意力经济”在我们生活中所扮演的角色。当今数字文化的兴起与长期存在的科学问题不谋而合，即为什么人类有时会记得，有时会忘记，为什么有些人比其他人记得更好。我们研究了自发注意力的缺失-在当下，在个体之间，以及作为日常媒体多任务处理的功能-与记忆力呈负相关。EEG+瞳孔测量的注意力被记录为80名年轻人进行了目标导向的情节编码和检索任务。特质水平的持续关注进一步量化通过任务为基础的和问卷调查的措施。利用试验到试验检索数据，我们表明，紧张性失误的注意力在记住之前的那一刻，后验α功率和瞳孔直径测定，与目标编码和记忆的神经信号的减少，沿着行为遗忘。特质水平的注意力丧失的独立措施介导的神经测定的失误和记忆性能之间的关系，媒体多任务处理和记忆。注意力缺失部分解释了为什么我们在那一刻记得或忘记，以及为什么有些人比其他人记得更好。繁重的多媒体任务处理与注意力分散和遗忘的倾向有关。
With the explosion of digital media and technologies, commentators have become increasingly vocal about the role that an ‘attention economy’ plays in our lives. The rise of today’s digital culture coincides with longstanding scientific questions about why humans sometimes remember and sometimes forget, and why some individuals remember better than others. We examined whether spontaneous attention lapses –– in the moment, across individuals, and as a function of everyday media multitasking –– negatively relate to remembering. EEG+pupillometry measures of attention were recorded as 80 young adults performed a goal-directed episodic encoding and retrieval task. Trait-level sustained attention was further quantified via task-based and questionnaire measures. Leveraging trial-to-trial retrieval data, we show that tonic lapses of attention in the moment prior to remembering, assayed by posterior alpha power and pupil diameter, related to reductions in neural signals of goal coding and memory, along with behavioral forgetting. Independent measures of trait-level attention lapsing mediated the relationship between neural assays of lapsing and memory performance, and between media multitasking and memory. Attention lapses partially account for why we remember or forget in the moment, and why some individuals remember better than others. Heavier media multitasking is associated with a propensity to suffer attention lapses and forgetting.
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