Human-Dromedary Camel Interactions and the Risk of Acquiring Zoonotic Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Infection.
Human-Dromedary Camel Interactions and the Risk of Acquiring Zoonotic Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Infection.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1111/zph.12171
复制
发表时间：
2016-02
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Coulombier D
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gossner C;Danielson N;Gervelmeyer A;Berthe F;Faye B;Kaasik Aaslav K;Adlhoch C;Zeller H;Penttinen P;Coulombier D
中东呼吸综合征冠状病毒（MERS-CoV）病例没有记录与另一人MERS-CoV病例接触，占所有报告病例的61%（517/853）。这些主要病例对于了解传播源和传播途径以及设计长期疾病控制措施特别重要。单峰骆驼是唯一有令人信服的证据表明它是MERS-CoV宿主物种的动物物种，因此是人类感染的潜在来源。然而，只有一小部分主要病例报告与骆驼接触。其他可能的感染源和媒介包括通过食用未经高温消毒的骆驼奶和生肉进行的食源性传播、骆驼尿的药用以及来自其他物种的人畜共患病传播。围绕这一新疾病存在着严重的知识空白，只有通过传统的实地流行病学调查和旨在检验关于感染源和疾病风险因素的假设的研究，才能填补这一空白。自20世纪60年代以来，阿拉伯半岛的单峰骆驼养殖方式发生了根本变化，生产集约化，生产集中在城市周围。可能是最近阿拉伯半岛骆驼放牧的加强增加了病毒在骆驼群中的繁殖数量和发病率，而骆驼放牧的“城市化”增加了人畜共患病从骆驼到人的“溢出”感染的频率。尽管难以衡量，但可以合理地假设，东非公共卫生监测对发现以前未知疾病的敏感性低于沙特阿拉伯，那里可能没有发现零星的人间病例。
Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS‐CoV) cases without documented contact with another human MERS‐CoV case make up 61% (517/853) of all reported cases. These primary cases are of particular interest for understanding the source(s) and route(s) of transmission and for designing long‐term disease control measures. Dromedary camels are the only animal species for which there is convincing evidence that it is a host species for MERS‐CoV and hence a potential source of human infections. However, only a small proportion of the primary cases have reported contact with camels. Other possible sources and vehicles of infection include food‐borne transmission through consumption of unpasteurized camel milk and raw meat, medicinal use of camel urine and zoonotic transmission from other species. There are critical knowledge gaps around this new disease which can only be closed through traditional field epidemiological investigations and studies designed to test hypothesis regarding sources of infection and risk factors for disease. Since the 1960s, there has been a radical change in dromedary camel farming practices in the Arabian Peninsula with an intensification of the production and a concentration of the production around cities. It is possible that the recent intensification of camel herding in the Arabian Peninsula has increased the virus' reproductive number and attack rate in camel herds while the ‘urbanization’ of camel herding increased the frequency of zoonotic ‘spillover’ infections from camels to humans. It is reasonable to assume, although difficult to measure, that the sensitivity of public health surveillance to detect previously unknown diseases is lower in East Africa than in Saudi Arabia and that sporadic human cases may have gone undetected there.
登录
查看更多内容
DOI：
10.1079/9781780641010.0007
发表时间：
2013-01-01
期刊：
CAMEL MEAT AND MEAT PRODUCTS
影响因子：
--
作者：
Faye, Bernard
通讯作者：
Faye, Bernard
影响因子：
19
作者：
Nowotny, N.;Kolodziejek, J.
通讯作者：
Kolodziejek, J.
影响因子：
6.4
作者：
Alagaili, Abdulaziz N.;Briese, Thomas;Lipkin, W. Ian
通讯作者：
Lipkin, W. Ian
影响因子：
4.3
作者：
Alexandersen, S.;Kobinger, G. P.;Wernery, U.
通讯作者：
Wernery, U.
影响因子：
1.1
作者：
Faye, Bernard;Madani, Hassani;El-Rouili, Sageed A. H.
通讯作者：
El-Rouili, Sageed A. H.