Working Pensioners in Germany and the UK: Quantitative and Qualitative Evidence on Gender, Marital Status, and the Reasons for Working
Working Pensioners in Germany and the UK: Quantitative and Qualitative Evidence on Gender, Marital Status, and the Reasons for Working
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德国和英国的工作养老金领取者：关于性别、婚姻状况和工作原因的定量和定性证据
DOI：
10.1007/s12062-015-9131-1
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发表时间：
2016
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
Simone
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hokema;Scherger;Simone
以超过退休年龄的男性和女性的有偿工作为例，本文探讨了生命历程、性别福利制度和晚年就业结果之间的相互关系。本文使用定量和定性数据，重点关注不平等、性别和婚姻状况对领取养老金的情况下工作的影响，以及这种就业的主观原因。定量分析基于英国老龄化纵向研究（ELSA）和德国老龄化调查（DEAS），以及对德国和英国在职养老金领取者进行半结构化访谈的定性证据。工作中的性别差异可以部分归因于教育资格和退休前阶层的差异。尽管在有偿就业的原因上没有发现普遍的性别差异，但德国离婚妇女和英国丧偶妇女比男性和已婚妇女更常提到经济原因。定性数据强调了劳动收入对于离婚女性的特殊作用，更普遍地强调了激励养老金领取者工作以获取报酬的各种原因。此外，由于母亲的职业不稳定，领取养老金年龄对她们来说意义不大。总而言之，老年就业的性别模式中，（贫困的）劳动力市场机会和家庭动态是相互关联的，并且伴随着对这项工作的具体解释。
Taking paid work among men and women beyond pension age as an example, the contribution examines the interrelationship between life courses, gendered welfare regimes, and later-life employment outcomes. Using both quantitative and qualitative data, the article focuses on the role of inequalities, gender and marital status for working despite receiving a pension, and on the subjective reasons for this employment. The quantitative analyses are based on the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ELSA) and the German Ageing Survey (DEAS), and the qualitative evidence on semi-structured interviews with working pensioners in Germany and the UK. Gender differences in working can be traced back in part to differences in educational qualification and in pre-retirement class. Although no general gender differences in the reasons for paid employment can be found, financial reasons are mentioned much more often by divorced women in Germany and widowed women in the UK than by men and by married women. The qualitative data underlines the special role earned income plays for divorced women and, more generally, the variety of reasons which motivate pensioners to work for pay. Furthermore, pension age is less meaningful for mothers because of their patchier careers. All in all, (poor) labour market chances and household dynamics in old age are interrelated in gendered patterns of old age employment, and accompanied by specific interpretations of this work.
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DOI：
10.1515/zsr-2012-0203
发表时间：
2012
期刊：
Zeitschrift für Sozialreform
影响因子：
--
作者：
I. Becker
通讯作者：
I. Becker
1977-2009 年退休后就业的趋势和相关性
影响因子：
5.7
作者：
Robin L. Pleau;K. Shauman
通讯作者：
K. Shauman
特权与负担之间：德国和英国退休年龄后继续工作
DOI：
--
发表时间：
2012
期刊：
影响因子：
--
作者：
S. Scherger;S. Hagemann;Anna Hokema;T. Lux
通讯作者：
T. Lux
从推导到验证：来自英国及其他地区的证据
DOI：
10.4324/9780203930588-12
发表时间：
2009
期刊：
Forum Qualitative Social Research
影响因子：
--
作者：
E. Harrison;David Rose
通讯作者：
David Rose
帮助最贫穷的人自助？
影响因子：
2
作者：
D. Lain
通讯作者：
D. Lain