Emotion-related self-regulation and its relation to children's maladjustment.
Emotion-related self-regulation and its relation to children's maladjustment.
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DOI：
10.1146/annurev.clinpsy.121208.131208
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发表时间：
2010
影响因子：
18.4
通讯作者：
Eggum ND
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Eisenberg N;Spinrad TL;Eggum ND
儿童情绪相关自我调节的发展似乎与儿童发展的许多方面有关，而且很可能涉及到这些方面。在这篇综述中，讨论了努力的自律过程和不那么自愿的自律过程之间的区别，并回顾了关于前者能力的文献。情绪相关的自我调节在生命的早期发展很快，但在成年后发展较慢。儿童自我调节的个体差异在出生后的第一年或两年后相当稳定。这种个体差异与至少某些类型的外部化问题成反比。关于内在化问题的研究结果不那么一致和可靠，尽管与情绪相关的自我调节似乎与早年的内在化问题成反比。自我调节能力既与遗传因素有关，也与环境因素及其相互作用有关。事实证明，一些旨在促进自律从而减少适应不良的干预措施至少部分有效。
The development of children’s emotion-related self-regulation appears to be related to, and likely involved in, many aspects of children’s development. In this review, the distinction between effortful self-regulatory processes and those that are somewhat less voluntary is discussed, and literature on the former capacities is reviewed. Emotion-related self-regulation develops rapidly in the early years of life and improves more slowly into adulthood. Individual differences in children’s self-regulation are fairly stable after the first year or two of life. Such individual differences are inversely related to at least some types of externalizing problems. Findings for internalizing problems are less consistent and robust, although emotion-related self-regulation appears to be inversely related to internalizing problems after the early years. Self-regulatory capacities have been related to both genetic and environmental factors and their interaction. Some interventions designed to foster self-regulation and, hence, reduce maladjustment, have proved to be at least partially effective.
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