Molecular epidemiology of giardiasis among Orang Asli in Malaysia: application of the triosephosphate isomerase gene.
Molecular epidemiology of giardiasis among Orang Asli in Malaysia: application of the triosephosphate isomerase gene.
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DOI：
10.1186/1471-2334-14-78
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发表时间：
2014-02-12
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Moktar N
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Anuar TS;Azreen SN;Salleh FM;Moktar N
贾第鞭毛虫是一种鞭毛虫寄生虫，被认为是世界范围内感染人类的最常见的原生动物。G.已发现的八个组（集合A至H）的存在，不同的主机分布。集合体A和B存在于人类和许多其他哺乳动物中。本横断面研究旨在探讨该群体的相关危险因素。在马来西亚的Orang Asli中的黑猩猩。粪便样本收集自611名年龄在2至74岁之间的个体，其中266名为男性，345名为女性。社会经济数据通过预先测试的问卷收集。粪便标本经福尔马林-乙醚沉淀法和惠特利三色染色法进行G.尿道炎通过巢式PCR扩增磷酸丙糖异构酶基因进行分子鉴定。62个样品（10.2%）被鉴定为组合A，36个样品（5.9%）被鉴定为组合B。使用单变量和逻辑回归分析基于检测到的组合的风险分析确定与家庭宠物即狗和猫密切接触的受试者（OR = 2.60; 95%CI = 1.42，4.78; P = 0.002）被发现是组合A的显著预测因子。B组合有3个显著的危险因素：（1）≤15岁儿童（OR = 2.33; 95%CI = 1.11，4.87; P = 0.025），（ii）食用生蔬菜（3）家族中有其他贾第虫感染者（OR = 6.31; 95% CI = 2.99，13.31; P < 0.001）。本研究强调G. Orang Asli中的寄生虫感染是由两个组合引起的，其中组合A的患病率显著较高。因此，采取接触宠物及其粪便后的预防措施、筛查和治疗感染者、提高良好卫生习惯的重要性和洗菜是预防贾第鞭毛虫病的切实可行的干预措施。
Giardia duodenalis is a flagellate parasite which has been considered the most common protozoa infecting human worldwide. Molecular characterization of G. duodenalis isolates have revealed the existence of eight groups (Assemblage A to H) which differ in their host distribution. Assemblages A and B are found in humans and in many other mammals. This cross-sectional study was conducted to identify assemblage’s related risk factors of G. duodenalis among Orang Asli in Malaysia. Stool samples were collected from 611 individuals aged between 2 and 74 years old of whom 266 were males and 345 were females. Socioeconomic data were collected through a pre-tested questionnaire. All stool samples were processed with formalin-ether sedimentation and Wheatley’s trichrome staining techniques for the primary identification of G. duodenalis. Molecular identification was carried out by the amplification of a triosephosphate isomerase gene using nested-PCR assay. Sixty-two samples (10.2%) were identified as assemblage A and 36 (5.9%) were assemblage B. Risk analysis based on the detected assemblages using univariate and logistic regression analyses identified subjects who have close contact with household pets i.e. dogs and cats (OR = 2.60; 95% CI = 1.42, 4.78; P = 0.002) was found to be significant predictor for assemblage A. On the other hand, there were three significant risk factors caused by assemblage B: (i) children ≤15 years old (OR = 2.33; 95% CI = 1.11, 4.87; P = 0.025), (ii) consuming raw vegetables (OR = 2.82; 95% CI = 1.27, 6.26; P = 0.011) and (iii) the presence of other family members infected with giardiasis (OR = 6.31; 95% CI = 2.99, 13.31; P < 0.001). The present study highlighted that G. duodenalis infection among Orang Asli was caused by both assemblages with significant high prevalence of assemblage A. Therefore, taking precaution after having contact with household pets and their stool, screening and treating infected individuals, awareness on the importance of good health practices and washing vegetables are the practical intervention ways in preventing giardiasis in Orang Asli community.
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影响因子：
3
作者：
Amar, CFL;Dear, PH;McLauchlin, J
通讯作者：
McLauchlin, J
影响因子：
4
作者：
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通讯作者：
Moktar, Norhayati
影响因子：
6.4
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Houpt, ER
影响因子：
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影响因子：
9.4
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通讯作者：
Schwartzbrod, J