Deep sea sediments associated with cold seeps are a subsurface reservoir of viral diversity.
Deep sea sediments associated with cold seeps are a subsurface reservoir of viral diversity.
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与冷渗相关的深海沉积物是病毒多样性的地下储存库
DOI：
10.1038/s41396-021-00932-y
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发表时间：
2021-08
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Dong X
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Li Z;Pan D;Wei G;Pi W;Zhang C;Wang JH;Peng Y;Zhang L;Wang Y;Hubert CRJ;Dong X
在海洋生态系统中，病毒控制微生物群落的组成和代谢，影响整体生物地球化学循环。众所周知，与冷泉相关的深海沉积物含有分类学上多样化的微生物群落，但人们对感染这些微生物的病毒知之甚少。在这里，我们探测了全球海洋中七个不同地理位置的冷泉的宏基因组，以评估病毒多样性、病毒与宿主的相互作用以及病毒编码的辅助代谢基因（AMG）。基因共享网络与其他生态系统中的病毒的比较表明，冷泉沉积物蕴藏着大量未经探索的病毒多样性。大多数冷泉病毒表现出高度的特有性，渗流流体通量是病毒群落组成的主要驱动因素之一。计算机预测将 14.2% 的病毒与微生物宿主群体联系起来，其中许多属于人们知之甚少的候选细菌和古菌门。根据谱系特异性病毒/宿主丰度比，裂解被预测为主要的病毒生活方式。原核宿主基因组和病毒 AMG 的代谢预测表明，病毒通过病毒诱导的死亡率和/或代谢增强影响冷泉中微生物碳氢化合物的生物降解以及其他碳、硫和氮循环。总的来说，这些发现揭示了冷泉病毒的全球多样性和生物地理学，并表明病毒如何操纵泉水微生物生态和生物地球化学。
In marine ecosystems, viruses exert control on the composition and metabolism of microbial communities, influencing overall biogeochemical cycling. Deep sea sediments associated with cold seeps are known to host taxonomically diverse microbial communities, but little is known about viruses infecting these microorganisms. Here, we probed metagenomes from seven geographically diverse cold seeps across global oceans to assess viral diversity, virus–host interaction, and virus-encoded auxiliary metabolic genes (AMGs). Gene-sharing network comparisons with viruses inhabiting other ecosystems reveal that cold seep sediments harbour considerable unexplored viral diversity. Most cold seep viruses display high degrees of endemism with seep fluid flux being one of the main drivers of viral community composition. In silico predictions linked 14.2% of the viruses to microbial host populations with many belonging to poorly understood candidate bacterial and archaeal phyla. Lysis was predicted to be a predominant viral lifestyle based on lineage-specific virus/host abundance ratios. Metabolic predictions of prokaryotic host genomes and viral AMGs suggest that viruses influence microbial hydrocarbon biodegradation at cold seeps, as well as other carbon, sulfur and nitrogen cycling via virus-induced mortality and/or metabolic augmentation. Overall, these findings reveal the global diversity and biogeography of cold seep viruses and indicate how viruses may manipulate seep microbial ecology and biogeochemistry.
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