NALT- versus Peyer's-patch-mediated mucosal immunity.
NALT- versus Peyer's-patch-mediated mucosal immunity.
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DOI：
10.1038/nri1439
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发表时间：
2004-09
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Fukuyama S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kiyono H;Fukuyama S
常见的粘膜免疫系统由用于产生抗原特异性粘膜免疫的有组织的诱导位点和扩散效应位点组成。在啮齿类动物中，鼻咽相关淋巴组织（NALT）位于鼻咽管的两侧，软骨软腭的背侧，被认为类似于人类的Waldeyer环。NALT是伊加类别转换重组以及辅助性T细胞1（TH 1）和TH 2细胞生成的位点。因此，它是呼吸消化道中产生粘膜免疫的重要诱导部位，类似于肠道中的派伊尔集合淋巴结。NALT靶向免疫有效地诱导粘膜和全身免疫区室中的抗原特异性免疫应答，导致双层免疫屏障。NALT组织发生在出生后开始，而派尔集合淋巴结的器官发生在妊娠期开始。“程序性炎症”的条件，如由光敏素-β受体（LT-βR）-核因子-κ B诱导激酶（NIK）-信号级联反应诱导的条件，对于派尔集合淋巴结的发生是必不可少的，而NALT器官发生独立于这种LT-βR-NIK介导的炎症。NALT器官发生也独立于白细胞介素-7受体（IL-7 R）介导的组织发生程序，该程序对于派尔集合淋巴结的发展至关重要。CD 3 − CD 4 + CD 45+诱导细胞依赖于ID 2（DNA结合抑制剂2），而非ROR-γ（视黄酸受体相关孤儿受体-γ），是NALT器官形成所必需的。深入了解NALT独特的分子和细胞特性对于开发成功的鼻内给药疫苗非常重要。近年来的研究表明，鼻咽相关淋巴组织（NALT）的器官发生机制不同于其他淋巴组织。NALT在诱导粘膜免疫应答中具有重要作用，包括产生辅助性T细胞1和辅助性T细胞2以及IgA定向B细胞。此外，鼻内免疫可导致在粘膜和全身免疫区室中诱导抗原特异性保护性免疫。因此，更好地了解NALT和其他有组织淋巴组织（如派尔集合淋巴结）之间的差异，应有助于鼻疫苗的开发。
The common mucosal immune system consists of organized inductive sites and diffuse effector sites for the generation of antigen-specific mucosal immunity. In rodents, nasopharynx-associated lymphoid tissue (NALT) is found on both sides of the nasopharyngeal duct, dorsal to the cartilaginous soft palate, and it is considered to be analogous to Waldeyer's ring in humans. NALT is a site of IgA class-switch recombination, and T helper 1 (TH1)- and TH2-cell generation. In this way, it is an important inductive site for the generation of mucosal immunity in the aero-digestive tract, similar to Peyer's patches in the intestine. NALT-targeted immunization efficiently induces antigen-specific immune responses in both mucosal and systemic immune compartments, leading to a two-tiered immunological barrier. NALT tissue genesis begins after birth, whereas the organogenesis of Peyer's patches commences during the gestational period. A condition of 'programmed inflammation', such as that induced by the lymphotoxin-β receptor (LT-βR)–nuclear factor-κB-inducing kinase (NIK)-signalling cascade, is essential for the genesis of Peyer's patches, whereas NALT organogenesis is independent of this LT-βR–NIK-mediated inflammation. NALT organogenesis is also independent of the interleukin-7 receptor (IL-7R)-mediated tissue-genesis programme that is essential for the development of Peyer's patches. ID2 (inhibitor of DNA binding 2)-dependent, but not ROR-γ (retinoic-acid-receptor-related orphan receptor-γ)-dependent, CD3−CD4+CD45+ inducer cells are essential for NALT organogenesis. A thorough understanding of the unique molecular and cellular properties of NALT is important for the development of a successful intranasally administered vaccine. Recent studies indicate that the mechanism of nasopharynx-associated lymphoid tissue (NALT) organogenesis is different from that of other lymphoid tissues. NALT has an important role in the induction of mucosal immune responses, including the generation of T helper 1 and T helper 2 cells, and IgA-committed B cells. Moreover, intranasal immunization can lead to the induction of antigen-specific protective immunity in both the mucosal and systemic immune compartments. Therefore, a greater understanding of the differences between NALT and other organized lymphoid tissues, such as Peyer's patches, should facilitate the development of nasal vaccines.
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DOI：
10.1084/jem.20010670
发表时间：
2002-01-21
期刊：
The Journal of experimental medicine
影响因子：
--
作者：
Bowman EP;Kuklin NA;Youngman KR;Lazarus NH;Kunkel EJ;Pan J;Greenberg HB;Butcher EC
通讯作者：
Butcher EC
影响因子：
4.4
作者：
Adachi, S;Yoshida, H;Nishikawa, S
通讯作者：
Nishikawa, S
影响因子：
3.1
作者：
DeHaan, L;Verweij, WR;Wilschut, J
通讯作者：
Wilschut, J
DOI：
10.1084/jem.169.6.2133
发表时间：
1989-06-01
期刊：
The Journal of experimental medicine
影响因子：
--
作者：
Beagley KW;Eldridge JH;Lee F;Kiyono H;Everson MP;Koopman WJ;Hirano T;Kishimoto T;McGhee JR
通讯作者：
McGhee JR
影响因子：
15.3
作者：
DEFRANCE, T;VANBERVLIET, B;BRIERE, F;DURAND, I;ROUSSET, F;BANCHEREAU, J
通讯作者：
BANCHEREAU, J