The Neuromodulatory Basis of Aggression: Lessons From the Humble Fruit Fly.
The Neuromodulatory Basis of Aggression: Lessons From the Humble Fruit Fly.
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DOI：
10.3389/fnbeh.2022.836666
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发表时间：
2022
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
Sengupta, Saheli
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Palavicino-Maggio, Caroline B.;Sengupta, Saheli
关键词：
攻击性是包括人类在内的几乎所有物种的生物体用来获得食物、庇护所和交配伴侣的一种内在特征。为了最大限度地适应野外环境，有机体必须改变对相同或不同刺激的攻击强度。这种变异有多少是遗传的，有多少是外部诱导的，这在很大程度上是未知的，但很可能是两者的结合。无论来源如何，改变攻击强度的主要生理机制之一涉及神经调节。攻击性强度的任何变化或变化很可能是由几个神经调节剂通过神经回路网络作用的复杂相互作用所决定的。由于哺乳动物大脑的高度复杂性，在哺乳动物模型中解析攻击特定的神经电路被证明是具有挑战性的。在这方面，果蝇模型黑腹果蝇提供了对攻击调节的电路驱动机制及其潜在的神经调节基础的见解。尽管在形态上不同，苍蝇的大脑在基因、神经调节系统和电路组织方面与哺乳动物的大脑有惊人的相似之处，这使得苍蝇模型的发现对于理解人类攻击的基本电路逻辑非常有价值。这篇综述基于果蝇模型的发现，讨论了我们目前对神经调节剂如何调控攻击性的理解。我们着重研究了5-羟色胺(5-羟色胺)、多巴胺(DA)、章鱼胺(OA)、乙酰胆碱(ACTH)、性肽(SP)、速激肽(TK)、神经肽F(NPF)和Drofakinin(DSK)在果蝇雌雄攻击中的作用。
Aggression is an intrinsic trait that organisms of almost all species, humans included, use to get access to food, shelter, and mating partners. To maximize fitness in the wild, an organism must vary the intensity of aggression toward the same or different stimuli. How much of this variation is genetic and how much is externally induced, is largely unknown but is likely to be a combination of both. Irrespective of the source, one of the principal physiological mechanisms altering the aggression intensity involves neuromodulation. Any change or variation in aggression intensity is most likely governed by a complex interaction of several neuromodulators acting via a meshwork of neural circuits. Resolving aggression-specific neural circuits in a mammalian model has proven challenging due to the highly complex nature of the mammalian brain. In that regard, the fruit fly model Drosophila melanogaster has provided insights into the circuit-driven mechanisms of aggression regulation and its underlying neuromodulatory basis. Despite morphological dissimilarities, the fly brain shares striking similarities with the mammalian brain in genes, neuromodulatory systems, and circuit-organization, making the findings from the fly model extremely valuable for understanding the fundamental circuit logic of human aggression. This review discusses our current understanding of how neuromodulators regulate aggression based on findings from the fruit fly model. We specifically focus on the roles of Serotonin (5-HT), Dopamine (DA), Octopamine (OA), Acetylcholine (ACTH), Sex Peptides (SP), Tachykinin (TK), Neuropeptide F (NPF), and Drosulfakinin (Dsk) in fruit fly male and female aggression.
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