Effects of propylene glycol, vegetable glycerin, and nicotine on emissions and dynamics of electronic cigarette aerosols.
Effects of propylene glycol, vegetable glycerin, and nicotine on emissions and dynamics of electronic cigarette aerosols.
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丙烯，蔬菜甘油和尼古丁对电子烟气的排放和动力学的影响。
DOI：
10.1080/02786826.2020.1771270
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发表时间：
2020
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Zhu Y
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Li L;Lee ES;Nguyen C;Zhu Y
电子烟（e-cig）通过蒸发电子液体产生气溶胶，电子液体主要由丙二醇（PG），植物甘油（VG）和尼古丁组成。了解电子烟液主要成分对电子烟气溶胶的影响对于暴露评估非常重要。这项研究调查了PG/VG比率和尼古丁含量如何影响电子烟气溶胶排放和动力学。基于罐的电子烟装置具有10种不同的无味电子液体混合物（例如，PG/VG比率为0/100、10/90、30/70、50/50和100/0，含0.0%或2.4%尼古丁），将气雾剂喷入0.46 m3不锈钢室中0.5 h。实时测量的颗粒数浓度（PNC），细颗粒物（PM2.5），和粒径分布进行了连续的整个膨化和以下2小时的衰减期。在衰变期间，颗粒损失率由一阶对数线性回归确定，并用于计算排放因子。在电子液体中添加尼古丁使颗粒数排放因子显著降低33%。随着电子液体中PG含量的增加，PM2.5排放因子显著降低。对于不含尼古丁的电子液体，增加PG/VG比率导致通过PNC和PM2.5测量的颗粒损失率增加。电子液体中的尼古丁未观察到这种模式。然而，在有和没有尼古丁的情况下，颗粒损失率显著不同，特别是当PG/VG比大于30/70时。与非挥发性二乙基己基亚急性（DEHS）气溶胶相比，电子烟颗粒浓度在室内衰减得更快，可能是由于蒸发。这些结果对评估人类暴露于电子烟气溶胶具有潜在的意义。
An electronic cigarette (e-cig) generates aerosols by vaporizing the e-liquid, which mainly consists of propylene glycol (PG), vegetable glycerin (VG), and nicotine. Understanding the effects of e-liquid main compositions on e-cig aerosols is important for exposure assessment. This study investigated how the PG/VG ratio and nicotine content affect e-cig aerosol emissions and dynamics. A tank-based e-cig device with 10 different flavorless e-liquid mixtures (e.g., PG/VG ratios of 0/100, 10/90, 30/70, 50/50, and 100/0 with 0.0% or 2.4% nicotine) was used to puff aerosols into a 0.46 m3 stainless steel chamber for 0.5 h. Real-time measurements of particle number concentration (PNC), fine particulate matter (PM2.5), and particle size distributions were conducted continuously throughout the puffing and the following 2-h decay period. During the decay period, particle loss rates were determined by a first-order log-linear regression and used to calculate the emission factor. The addition of nicotine in the e-liquid significantly decreased the particle number emission factor by 33%. The PM2.5 emission factor significantly decreased with greater PG content in the e-liquid. For nicotine-free e-liquids, increasing the PG/VG ratio resulted in increased particle loss rates measured by PNC and PM2.5. This pattern was not observed with nicotine in the e-liquids. The particle loss rates, however, were significantly different with and without nicotine especially when the PG/VG ratios were greater than 30/70. Compared with nonvolatile diethyl-hexyl subacute (DEHS) aerosols, e-cig particle concentration decayed faster inside the chamber, presumably due to evaporation. These results have potential implications for assessing human exposure to e-cig aerosols.
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影响因子：
3.4
作者：
Flora, Jason W.;Meruva, Naren;McKinney, Willie J.
通讯作者：
McKinney, Willie J.
DOI：
10.1016/j.ijheh.2014.10.001
发表时间：
2015-01-01
影响因子：
6
作者：
Geiss, Otmar;Bianchi, Ivana;Barrero-Moreno, Josefa
通讯作者：
Barrero-Moreno, Josefa
影响因子：
4.7
作者：
Goniewicz, Maciej L.;Lee, Lily
通讯作者：
Lee, Lily
DOI：
10.15585/mmwr.mm6745a5
发表时间：
2018-11-16
期刊：
MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report
影响因子：
--
作者：
Cullen KA;Ambrose BK;Gentzke AS;Apelberg BJ;Jamal A;King BA
通讯作者：
King BA
影响因子：
5.2
作者：
Huang J;Duan Z;Kwok J;Binns S;Vera LE;Kim Y;Szczypka G;Emery SL
通讯作者：
Emery SL