Social Contact Reinforces Cocaine Self-Administration in Young Adult Male Rats: The Role of Social Reinforcement in Vulnerability to Drug Use.
Social Contact Reinforces Cocaine Self-Administration in Young Adult Male Rats: The Role of Social Reinforcement in Vulnerability to Drug Use.
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DOI：
10.3389/fnbeh.2021.771114
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发表时间：
2021
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
Sharp JL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Smith MA;Cha HS;Griffith AK;Sharp JL
吸毒同龄人被认为是影响青少年和年轻人吸毒的主要因素。同龄人影响吸毒的一个机制是为吸毒提供社会强化。社会强化可以以多种方式提供，包括使社会接触取决于药物使用（即，个人必须使用药物来获得/保持对对等体的访问）。本研究的目的是开发一个临床前模型，其中静脉内可卡因自我管理积极加强访问的社会合作伙伴。年轻的成年雄性大鼠进行训练，自我管理可卡因在操作性条件反射室与断头台门，可以打开一个相邻的隔间住房无论是社会合作伙伴或非社会刺激。一旦可卡因自我管理建立，断头台的门被激活，可卡因摄入量被加强，短暂访问社会（年龄和性别匹配的同龄人）或非社会（黑色和白色运动袜）刺激。接触社会伙伴的机会迅速增加了可卡因的自我管理。在100倍剂量范围内，分配到社交条件与非社交条件的大鼠的可卡因总摄入量高出2至3倍。可卡因摄入量迅速增加时，在原来的非社会组的大鼠后来提供了社会合作伙伴，而可卡因摄入量抵制变化，并保持在原来的社会组的大鼠时，他们的合作伙伴删除。这些数据表明，偶然接触社会伙伴会增加吸毒量，并表明社会强化可能是一个特别难以接受心理社会干预的脆弱性因素。
Drug-using peers are recognized as a leading factor influencing drug use among adolescents and young adults. One mechanism by which peers influence drug use is by providing social reinforcement for using drugs. Social reinforcement may be provided in multiple ways, including by making social contact contingent on drug use (i.e., an individual must use drugs to gain/maintain access to a peer). The purpose of this study was to develop a preclinical model in which intravenous cocaine self-administration was positively reinforced by access to a social partner. Young adult male rats were trained to self-administer cocaine in operant conditioning chambers with a guillotine door that could be opened to an adjacent compartment housing either a social partner or a non-social stimulus. Once cocaine self-administration was established, the guillotine door was activated, and cocaine intake was reinforced by brief access to either a social (age- and sex-matched peer) or non-social (black-and-white athletic sock) stimulus. Contingent access to a social partner rapidly increased cocaine self-administration. Total cocaine intake was 2- to 3-fold greater in rats assigned to the social versus non-social condition across a 100-fold dose range. Cocaine intake rapidly increased when rats in the original non-social group were later provided with social partners, whereas cocaine intake resisted change and remained elevated when rats in the original social group had their partners removed. These data indicate that contingent access to a social partner increases drug intake and suggest that social reinforcement may represent a vulnerability factor that is particularly resistant to psychosocial interventions.
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影响因子：
4.2
作者：
Robinson AM;Fronk GE;Zhang H;Tonidandel S;Smith MA
通讯作者：
Smith MA
影响因子：
3.5
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Zaharakis, Nikola
影响因子：
2.3
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影响因子：
2.7
作者：
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通讯作者：
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影响因子：
4.2
作者：
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通讯作者：
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