Genetic diversity and shedding profiles for Cryptosporidium parvum in adult cattle and their calves.
Genetic diversity and shedding profiles for Cryptosporidium parvum in adult cattle and their calves.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.crpvbd.2021.100027
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发表时间：
2021
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Katzer F
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Shaw HJ;Armstrong C;Uttley K;Morrison LJ;Innes EA;Katzer F
隐孢子虫病是新生小牛的一种重要疾病，可引起水样腹泻、食欲不振和产量损失。腹泻引起的脱水通常导致小牛需要补液或兽医治疗，以防止小牛死亡。隐孢子虫对小牛的传播仍然存在一些主要的知识空白，例如小牛摄入的卵囊的最初来源以及这些卵囊如何在产犊期之间持续存在。一些研究已经检查了成年牛在隐孢子虫卵囊传播中的作用，尽管这些研究没有得出结论性的结果。在这项研究中，高灵敏度的卵囊提取粪便和检测技术，敏感5卵囊每克使用50克样品，用于基因型粪便样本成年牛和他们的小牛，以确定成年牛可能是隐孢子虫感染的来源，他们的小牛。在奶牛场，产犊前0-3周每周采集两次成年牛的粪便样本，每周采集三次小牛的粪便样本，直到小牛达到3周龄，然后每周采集两次，直到小牛达到6周龄。在一个肉牛养殖场，在一个时间点从成年牛和小牛中采集样本。粪便样本进行检查，比较隐孢子虫的物种和多位点基因型。结果表明，在奶牛场和肉牛场，微小隐孢子虫是最常见的物种。每个牛群中的小牛似乎有一个主要的单一多位点基因型，而成年牛有多个不同的基因型。在大多数情况下，奶牛场的成年牛在产犊前进行检测，其多位点基因型与小牛中检测到的基因型不同。在同一时间采集样本的肉牛农场，大多数成年牛与其小牛的多位点基因型相匹配。本研究表明，与小牛相比，两个农场的成年牛显示出更高的微小隐孢子虫基因型多样性。这些数据还代表了一个详细的纵向流行研究的脱落配置文件和基因型的隐孢子虫寄生虫检测乳牛从出生到6周龄。在奶牛场，大多数成年牛的多位点基因型是不同的小牛。在肉牛养殖场，大多数成年牛与其小牛的多位点基因型相匹配。奶牛场的小牛纵向采样表现出间歇性脱落的隐孢子虫卵囊。与小牛相比，在成年牛中观察到微小隐孢子虫基因型多样性增加。
Cryptosporidiosis is an important disease in neonatal calves, causing watery diarrhoea, loss of appetite, and production losses. Dehydration from diarrhoea often results in the calf requiring rehydration or veterinary treatment to prevent calf mortality. Transmission of Cryptosporidium to calves still has some major knowledge gaps, such as the initial source of oocysts ingested by calves and how these oocysts can persist between calving periods. Some studies have examined the role of adult cattle in the transmission of Cryptosporidium oocysts, although these have yielded inconclusive results. In this study, highly sensitive oocyst extraction from faeces and detection techniques, sensitive to 5 oocysts per gram using a 50 g sample, were used to genotype faecal samples from adult cattle and their calves to determine if adult cattle could be a source of Cryptosporidium infection for their calves. On a dairy farm, faecal samples from adult cattle were collected twice per week for 0–3 weeks before calving and from their calves three times per week until they reached 3 weeks of age followed by twice per week until they reached 6 weeks of age. On a beef farm, samples were collected from both adults and calves at a single time point. Faecal samples were examined to compare species and multilocus genotypes of Cryptosporidium parvum. Results show that C. parvum was the most prevalent species on both the dairy and beef farms. The calves within each herd appear to have one predominant single multilocus genotype, whereas adult cattle have multiple distinct genotypes. Adult cattle on the dairy farm, tested before calving, in the majority of cases had a multilocus genotype that is different from that detected in their calves. On the beef farm, where samples were taken at the same time, the majority of adult cattle matched the multilocus genotype of their calves. This study shows that adult cattle display a higher diversity of C. parvum genotypes on both farms compared to the calves. The data also represent a detailed longitudinal prevalence study of the shedding profiles and genotype of Cryptosporidium parasites detected in dairy calves from birth to 6 weeks of age. On a dairy farm, the majority of adult cattle had a multilocus genotype that was different to those in calves. On the beef farm, the majority of adult cattle matched the multilocus genotype of their calves. Calves on the dairy farm sampled longitudinally exhibited intermittent shedding of Cryptosporidium oocysts. Increased C. parvum genotype diversity was observed in the adult cattle compared to the calves.
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影响因子：
1
作者：
Nydam, DV;Wade, SE;Mohammed, HO
通讯作者：
Mohammed, HO
影响因子：
6.4
作者：
Chappell, CL;Okhuysen, PC;DuPont, HL
通讯作者：
DuPont, HL
影响因子：
3.2
作者：
Holubova, Nikola;Tumova, Lenka;Kvac, Martin
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Kvac, Martin
影响因子：
2.6
作者：
Holzhausen, I;Lendner, M.;Daugschies, A.
通讯作者：
Daugschies, A.
影响因子：
3.5
作者：
ESTEBAN, E;ANDERSON, BC
通讯作者：
ANDERSON, BC