Perineuronal nets and schizophrenia: the importance of neuronal coatings.
Perineuronal nets and schizophrenia: the importance of neuronal coatings.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.neubiorev.2014.03.018
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发表时间：
2014-09
影响因子：
8.2
通讯作者：
Woo, Tsung-Ung W.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bitanihirwe, Byron K. Y.;Woo, Tsung-Ung W.
关键词：
精神分裂症是一种与突触连接缺陷相关的复杂脑部疾病。据报道，这种疾病在青春期末期和成年早期的隐匿发作取决于大脑发育的几个关键过程，包括突触细化、髓鞘形成和抑制性神经网络的生理成熟。有趣的是，这些事件与神经周围网（PNN）的出现同时发生，这种网状结构由覆盖哺乳动物大脑中多种细胞的细胞外基质成分组成。直到最近，PNN 的功能仍然是个谜，但现在被认为对中枢神经系统的发育、神经元保护和突触可塑性很重要，所有这些因素都与精神分裂症有关。在这里，我们回顾了将 PNN 与精神分裂症联系起来的新证据。未来旨在进一步阐明 PNN 功能的研究将为精神分裂症的病理生理学提供新的见解，从而确定新的治疗靶点，并有可能恢复患有这种疾病的患者大脑中正常的突触完整性。
Schizophrenia is a complex brain disorder associated with deficits in synaptic connectivity. The insidious onset of this illness during late adolescence and early adulthood has been reported to be dependent on several key processes of brain development including synaptic refinement, myelination and the physiological maturation of inhibitory neural networks. Interestingly, these events coincide with the appearance of perineuronal nets (PNNs), reticular structures comprised of components of the extracellular matrix that coat a variety of cells in the mammalian brain. Until recently, the functions of the PNN had remained enigmatic, but are now considered to be important in development of the central nervous system, neuronal protection and synaptic plasticity, all elements which have been associated with schizophrenia. Here, we review the emerging evidence linking PNNs to schizophrenia. Future studies aimed at further elucidating the functions of PNNs will provide new insights into the pathophysiology of schizophrenia leading to the identification of novel therapeutic targets with the potential to restore normal synaptic integrity in the brain of patients afflicted by this illness.
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