Disposed to distraction: genetic variation in the cholinergic system influences distractibility but not time-on-task effects.
Disposed to distraction: genetic variation in the cholinergic system influences distractibility but not time-on-task effects.
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DOI：
10.1162/jocn_a_00607
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发表时间：
2014-09
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Lustig C
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Berry AS;Demeter E;Sabhapathy S;English BA;Blakely RD;Sarter M;Lustig C
时间的流逝和外界的干扰都让人很难把注意力集中在手头的任务上。我们测试了这样一个假设，即任务时间和外部干扰对注意力构成了独立的挑战，大脑的胆碱能系统选择性地调节我们抵抗干扰的能力。具有限制胆碱能能力多态性的参与者（胆碱转运基因SLC5A7的Ile89Val变体（rs1013940））和匹配的对照组完成了自我报告的注意力测量和一项实验室任务，该任务测量了在分心和不分心的情况下持续注意力的减少。我们发现有证据表明，注意力分散和完成任务的时间效应是独立的，而胆碱能系统与注意力分散的脆弱性密切相关。Ile89Val参与者在日常生活中比对照组更容易分心，他们的任务表现受到生态有效的视频干扰（类似于背景播放的电视）的更严重影响。这些结果首次证明了与Ile89Val多态性相关的认知控制的特定损害，并增加了行为和认知神经科学研究，表明胆碱能系统在克服分心方面的关键作用。
Both the passage of time and external distraction make it difficult to keep attention on the task at hand. We tested the hypothesis that time-on-task and external distraction pose independent challenges to attention, and that the brain’s cholinergic system selectively modulates our ability to resist distraction. Participants with a polymorphism limiting cholinergic capacity (Ile89Val variant (rs1013940) of the choline transporter gene SLC5A7) and matched controls completed self-report measures of attention and a laboratory task that measured decrements in sustained attention with and without distraction. We found evidence that distraction and time-on-task effects are independent and that the cholinergic system is strongly linked to greater vulnerability to distraction. Ile89Val participants reported more distraction during everyday life than controls, and their task performance was more severely impacted by the presence of an ecologically valid video distractor (similar to a television playing in the background). These results are the first to demonstrate a specific impairment in cognitive control associated with the Ile89Val polymorphism, and add to behavioral and cognitive neuroscience studies indicating the cholinergic system’s critical role in overcoming distraction.
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影响因子：
1.8
作者：
Berry, Anne S.;Li, Xu;Lin, Ziyong;Lustig, Cindy
通讯作者：
Lustig, Cindy
影响因子：
5.7
作者：
Lim, Julian;Wu, Wen-chau;Wang, Jiongjiong;Detre, John A.;Dinges, David F.;Rao, Hengyi
通讯作者：
Rao, Hengyi
影响因子：
2.5
作者：
Hahn, M. K.;Blackford, J. U.;Shelton, R.
通讯作者：
Shelton, R.
影响因子：
4.5
作者：
Demeter, Elise;Guthrie, Sally K.;Lustig, Cindy
通讯作者：
Lustig, Cindy
影响因子：
5.4
作者：
Bakeman, R
通讯作者：
Bakeman, R