Great expectations for earthquake early warnings on the United States West Coast
Great expectations for earthquake early warnings on the United States West Coast
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美国西海岸地震预警寄予厚望
DOI：
10.1016/j.ijdrr.2022.103296
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发表时间：
2022
影响因子：
5
通讯作者：
Dixon, Maximilian
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bostrom, Ann;McBride, Sara K.;Becker, Julia S.;Goltz, James D.;Groot, Robert-Michael de;Peek, Lori;Terbush, Brian;Dixon, Maximilian
2019年10月，加州成为美国第一个全面启动由美国地质调查局管理的公共地震预警系统--ShakeAlert ®的州。该系统随后于二零二一年三月在俄勒冈州及二零二一年五月在华盛顿推出。地震预警（EEW）系统可以在几秒钟内向人们和技术系统发出地震即将发生的通知，但其有效性取决于接收者的期望和行动以及技术性能。为了更好地理解这些依赖关系，我们于2021年2月调查了加州（N = 1219）、俄勒冈州（N = 1020）和华盛顿（N = 1037）的成年人代表性样本。大多数受访者都经历过地震，但很少有人经历过剧烈的摇晃;大多数人没有遵循地震中的保护行动指南Drop，Cover和Hold On（DCHO）;大多数人报告说，以前的地震没有造成个人或社会伤害。然而，期望和感知的有用性EEW是高的，更高的是那些期望警报是准确的，易于使用，表示宽容的错过和错误的警告，并预计将受到破坏性地震在他们的一生。结果表明，有机会更好地调整公众的偏好和期望与ShakeAlert操作。例如，一些答复者倾向于将警戒阈值降低到政府和科学家提出的阈值以下。此外，据报道，对警告错误的容忍度很普遍，但受访者希望尽快得到解释，这表明需要进一步开发警报后消息传递。这项研究的结果应该是翔实的经验和期望与EEW系统的共同发展的未来研究。
In October 2019, California became the first state in the United States to fully activate a public earthquake early warning system—ShakeAlert®—managed by the U.S. Geological Survey. The system was subsequently rolled out in March 2021 in Oregon and May 2021 in Washington. Earthquake early warning (EEW) systems can provide seconds of notice to people and technological systems that shaking is imminent, but their effectiveness depends on recipients’ expectations and actions as well as technical performance. To better understand these dependencies, we surveyed representative samples of adults in California (N = 1219), Oregon (N = 1020), and Washington (N = 1037) in February 2021. Most respondents had experienced earthquakes, but few had lived through violent shaking; most had not followed protective action guidance to Drop, Cover, and Hold On (DCHO) in earthquakes; and most reported no personal or social harm from prior earthquakes. Nevertheless, expectations and perceived usefulness of EEW were high, and higher still for those who expected alerts to be accurate and easy to use, expressed tolerance of missed and erroneous warnings, and expected to be affected by a damaging earthquake in their lifetime. Results suggest opportunities to better align public preferences and expectations with ShakeAlert operations. For example, some respondents preferred lower alerting thresholds than those proposed by government and scientists. Moreover, reported tolerance of warning errors was widespread, but respondents wanted explanations quickly, suggesting a need to further develop post-alert messaging. Findings from this study should be informative for future research on the co-evolution of experiences and expectations with EEW systems.
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说到魔鬼：关于社区地震准备的系统文献综述
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
H. M. Shaffril;A. A. Samah;Syafila Kamarudin
通讯作者：
Syafila Kamarudin
DOI：
--
发表时间：
1987
期刊：
International Journal of Mass Emergencies & Disasters
影响因子：
--
作者：
J. Sorensen;D. Mileti
通讯作者：
D. Mileti
ShakeAlert系统实施技术方案修订——美国西海岸地震预警系统
DOI：
--
发表时间：
2018
期刊：
影响因子：
--
作者：
D. Given;R. Allen;A. Baltay;P. Bodin;E. Cochran;K. Creager;R. D. Groot;L. Gee;E. Hauksson;T. Heaton;M. Hellweg;J. Murray;V. Thomas;D. Toomey;T. Yelin
通讯作者：
T. Yelin
影响因子：
5
作者：
J. Santos
通讯作者：
J. Santos
消息和信使可信度量表中变量之间的相关性
DOI：
--
发表时间：
2010
期刊：
影响因子：
--
作者：
C. Roberts
通讯作者：
C. Roberts