On- and Off-Cycle Catalyst Cooperativity in Anion-Binding Catalysis.

On- and Off-Cycle Catalyst Cooperativity in Anion-Binding Catalysis.
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在阴离子结合催化中的催化剂和周期催化剂的合作。

DOI:
10.1021/jacs.6b04686
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发表时间:
2016-06-29
影响因子:
15
通讯作者:
Jacobsen EN
Jacobsen EN
中科院分区:
化学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Ford DD;Lehnherr D;Kennedy CR;Jacobsen EN

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手性中性氢键供体在涉及离子对中间体的对映选择性反应中得到了广泛的应用。本文对典型的阴离子结合反应--硫脲催化的α-氯醚对映体选择性烷基化反应进行了系统的机理研究。研究表明,催化剂的休眠状态是一个非活性的二聚体聚集体,它必须解离,然后在速率决定的过渡结构中重新组装,形成2:1的催化剂-底物复合体。对这种催化剂协作性模式的洞察有助于揭示困扰着迄今开发的许多氢键给体催化反应的实际局限性,并为新的、高效的催化剂结构提出设计策略。
Chiral, neutral H-bond donors have found widespread use as catalysts in enantioselective reactions involving ion-pair intermediates. Herein, a systematic mechanistic study of a prototypical anion-binding reaction, the thiourea-catalyzed enantioselective alkylation of α-chloroethers, is detailed. This study reveals that the catalyst resting state is an inactive dimeric aggregate that must dissociate and then reassemble to form a 2:1 catalyst–substrate complex in the rate-determining transition structure. Insight into this mode of catalyst cooperativity sheds light on the practical limitations that have plagued many of the H-bond donor-catalyzed reactions developed to date and suggests design strategies for new, highly efficient catalyst structures.
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发表时间: 2013-01-07
影响因子: 16.6
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