A Nasal Aerodynamics Perspective of Retronasal Olfaction: Rodents vs. Humans.
A Nasal Aerodynamics Perspective of Retronasal Olfaction: Rodents vs. Humans.
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DOI：
10.1007/s12078-022-09300-2
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发表时间：
2022-10
影响因子：
1
通讯作者：
Zhao, Kai
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kim, Kanghyun;Zhao, Kai
气味感知可以通过邻位或鼻后途径实现，后者是风味感知的重要组成部分。大鼠和人类之间存在显著的嗅觉差异，通过了解结构差异的作用，可以进一步了解通过邻位或鼻后途径感知气味的机制。使用3D人类和大鼠（Sprague道利）计算模型来研究鼻解剖结构对向嗅觉上皮的正鼻与鼻后气味运输的影响。对人类和大鼠模型的鼻咽区域进行修改，以探测鼻结构对正向嗅觉和逆向嗅觉的影响。从每个模型中提取65个气味物对嗅上皮的吸收率。对于人类，鼻后途径提供了比鼻正途径更高的气味吸收峰值（左：高90%，右：高45%），但对于大鼠，显著降低了峰值吸收（内侧：低97%，外侧：低75%）。对于这两种模型，解剖结构的改变对正鼻途径的影响最小，但对鼻后途径的影响很大：人类减少（左侧：-41.4%，右侧：-44.2%），大鼠增加到内侧（29.5%），但不增加到外侧（-14.3%）。人和大鼠之间存在关键的差异，关于后/正鼻气味的运输途径，这与文献中的实验嗅球活动数据相匹配。虽然人类在途径之间具有等同的气味剂递送，但是啮齿动物中鼻后途径和鼻正途径的差异是显著的，并且鼻咽上方的横板的变化可以显著调节鼻后途径，但不足以桥接两个途径之间的差距。
Odor perception can be achieved through ortho or retronasal routes, with the latter being an important component of flavor perception. There are significant olfactory differences that exist between rats and humans and by understanding the role of structural differences, further insight can be gained into the mechanism of odorant perception via ortho or retronasal routes. 3D human and rat (Sprague Dawley) computational models were used to investigate nasal anatomy impact on ortho vs. retronasal odorant transport to the olfactory epithelium. The nasal pharynx region was modified for human and rat models to probe nasal structure impact on ortho vs retro olfaction. 65 odorant absorption rates to the olfactory epithelium were extracted from each model. For human, the retronasal route provided higher peak odorant absorption compared to orthonasal route (left: 90% higher, right: 45% higher), but substantially lowered peak absorption for rat (medial: 97% lower, lateral: 75% lower). For both models, anatomical modification had minimal impact to orthonasal routes, but substantially modulated the retronasal route: decrease (left: −41.4%, right: −44.2%) for human, and increase to the medial (29.5%) but not to lateral (−14.3%) for rat. There exist key differences between humans and rats regarding retro/orthonasal odorant transport routes, which matched well with experimental olfactory bulb activity data in literature. While humans have equivalent odorant delivery between routes, the difference in retro and orthonasal routes in rodents is substantial and changes to the transverse lamina above the nasopharynx can substantially modulate the retronasal route, but not enough to bridge the gap between the two routes.
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影响因子：
5.3
作者：
Scott, John W.;Sherrill, Lisa;Zhao, Kai
通讯作者：
Zhao, Kai
影响因子：
3.5
作者：
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Simons, Christopher T.
影响因子：
3.5
作者：
Pierce, Alex M.;Simons, Christopher T.
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影响因子：
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作者：
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通讯作者：
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影响因子：
16.2
作者：
Small, DM;Gerber, JC;Hummel, T
通讯作者：
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