Fabric dependence of wave propagation in anisotropic porous media.
Fabric dependence of wave propagation in anisotropic porous media.
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DOI：
10.1007/s10237-010-0217-7
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发表时间：
2011-02
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Cardoso, Luis
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cowin, Stephen C.;Cardoso, Luis
目前对骨丢失和骨质疏松症的诊断是基于骨矿物质密度(BMD)或表观质量密度的测量。遗憾的是，在大多数临床超声密度计中：1)测量通常是在单个解剖方向上执行的，2)仅对到达超声探头的第一个波进行表征，以及3)骨状态的分析基于可测量量之间的经验关系，如声速(SOS)和宽带超声衰减(BUA)与多孔介质的密度。然而，已有报道称松质骨中存在第二波，这是Biot的孔弹性波传播理论所预测的孔弹性介质的明确特征。本文建立了各向异性孔弹性材料线性理论中波动的控制方程，并将其推广到本构关系对组构的依赖，组构是对多孔介质孔隙结构中结构各向异性程度的一种定量体视学度量。这种依赖于结构的各向异性孔弹性方法是描述可测量的波特性和松质骨弹性常数之间微结构依赖关系的理论框架，因此代表了一种超越BMD的骨质量评估的替代方法。
Current diagnosis of bone loss and osteoporosis is based on the measurement of the Bone Mineral Density (BMD) or the apparent mass density. Unfortunately, in most clinical ultrasound densitometers: 1) measurements are often performed in a single anatomical direction, 2) only the first wave arriving to the ultrasound probe is characterized, and 3) the analysis of bone status is based on empirical relationships between measurable quantities such as Speed of Sound (SOS) and Broadband Ultrasound Attenuation (BUA) and the density of the porous medium. However, the existence of a second wave in cancellous bone has been reported, which is an unequivocal signature of poroelastic media, as predicted by Biot’s poroelastic wave propagation theory. In this paper the governing equations for wave motion in the linear theory of anisotropic poroelastic materials are developed and extended to include the dependence of the constitutive relations upon fabric - a quantitative stereological measure of the degree of structural anisotropy in the pore architecture of a porous medium. This fabric-dependent anisotropic poroelastic approach is a theoretical framework to describe the microarchitectural-dependent relationship between measurable wave properties and the elastic constants of trabecular bone, and thus represents an alternative for bone quality assessment beyond BMD alone.
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