Studies on Viroid Shed Light on the Role of RNA Three-Dimensional Structural Motifs in RNA Trafficking in Plants.

Studies on Viroid Shed Light on the Role of RNA Three-Dimensional Structural Motifs in RNA Trafficking in Plants.
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DOI:
10.3389/fpls.2022.836267
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发表时间:
2022
影响因子:
5.6
通讯作者:
Wang Y
Wang Y
中科院分区:
生物学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Ma J;Wang Y

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rna在各种生物过程中发挥着重要作用。越来越多的证据表明,RNA亚细胞定位和细胞间/系统运输控制着它们在组织水平上协调植物生长的功能。虽然已经发现许多类型的rna(即mrna、小rna、RNAs、trna和长链非编码rna)在植物体内以非细胞自主的方式运输,但其潜在的调控机制尚不清楚。类病毒是单链环状非编码RNA,完全依赖于它们的RNA基序来利用细胞机制进行细胞器的进出、通过胞间连丝的细胞间运动和全身运输。类病毒是研究RNA三维(3D)结构基序在调控RNA运动中的作用的一个很好的模型。近二十年的研究已经发现了多个RNA 3D基序负责类病毒核输入以及在植物中跨越不同细胞边界的运输。这些RNA 3D基序的功能是打开细胞和亚细胞屏障的“钥匙”,并指导细胞内或细胞间的RNA运动。在这里,我们总结了沿着这条研究路线的主要发现,并对未来植物RNA转运研究的意义。
RNAs play essential roles in various biological processes. Mounting evidence has demonstrated that RNA subcellular localization and intercellular/systemic trafficking govern their functions in coordinating plant growth at the organismal level. While numerous types of RNAs (i.e., mRNAs, small RNAs, rRNAs, tRNAs, and long noncoding RNAs) have been found to traffic in a non-cell-autonomous fashion within plants, the underlying regulatory mechanism remains unclear. Viroids are single-stranded circular noncoding RNAs, which entirely rely on their RNA motifs to exploit cellular machinery for organelle entry and exit, cell-to-cell movement through plasmodesmata, and systemic trafficking. Viroids represent an excellent model to dissect the role of RNA three-dimensional (3D) structural motifs in regulating RNA movement. Nearly two decades of studies have found multiple RNA 3D motifs responsible for viroid nuclear import as well as trafficking across diverse cellular boundaries in plants. These RNA 3D motifs function as “keys” to unlock cellular and subcellular barriers and guide RNA movement within a cell or between cells. Here, we summarize the key findings along this line of research with implications for future studies on RNA trafficking in plants.
核中植物病毒RNA基因组中的鉴定。
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