Global environmental changes more frequently offset than intensify detrimental effects of biological invasions.
Global environmental changes more frequently offset than intensify detrimental effects of biological invasions.
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.2117389119
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发表时间：
2022-05-31
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
国际社会对人类引起的全球环境变化的后果的关注促使人们重新关注减少生物入侵，气候变化和营养污染的生态影响。我们的研究结果表明，外来物种入侵和非生物的全球环境变化的综合影响往往是负面的，但没有比入侵的影响更糟。入侵的影响也比两种常见的压力源--气温变暖或氮沉降更有害。因此，减少入侵物种的传播对于减轻人为变化对全球生态系统的危害至关重要。人类引起的非生物性全球环境变化和外来入侵物种的扩散正在迅速改变生态系统。了解入侵和GECs的相对和相互作用的影响是至关重要的通知生态系统的适应和管理，但这些信息还没有被综合。我们进行了一项荟萃分析，以调查入侵的影响，GECs，以及它们对本地生态系统的综合影响。我们从95项已发表的研究中发现了458例病例，这些研究报告了入侵和GEC应激源的单独和综合影响，最常见的是变暖，干旱或氮添加。我们计算了单个和联合治疗的标准化效应量（Hedges' d），并将相互作用分类为相加（单个治疗效应的总和）、拮抗（小于预期）或协同（超出预期范围）。GECs的生态影响各不相同，与其他GECs相比，干旱更有可能产生有害影响。平均而言，入侵比GECs更具破坏性。入侵和GEC的相互作用大多是拮抗的，但协同作用发生在>25%的情况下，大多导致对生态系统更有害的结果。虽然交互作用的影响往往小于预期的个人入侵和GEC的影响，协同作用并不罕见，发生在整个生态系统的反应，从个人到生态系统的规模。总的来说，入侵和GEC之间的相互作用通常不会比单独入侵的影响更糟，这突出了局部管理入侵的重要性，这是减少多种全球变化造成的危害的关键一步。
International concern about the consequences of human-induced global environmental changes has prompted a renewed focus on reducing ecological effects of biological invasions, climate change, and nutrient pollution. Our results show that the combined effects of nonnative species invasions and abiotic global environmental changes are often negative but no worse than invasion impacts alone. Invasion impacts are also more strongly detrimental than warming temperatures or nitrogen deposition, two common stressors. Thus, reducing the spread of invasive species is critical for mitigating harms from anthropogenic changes to global ecosystems. Human-induced abiotic global environmental changes (GECs) and the spread of nonnative invasive species are rapidly altering ecosystems. Understanding the relative and interactive effects of invasion and GECs is critical for informing ecosystem adaptation and management, but this information has not been synthesized. We conducted a meta-analysis to investigate effects of invasions, GECs, and their combined influences on native ecosystems. We found 458 cases from 95 published studies that reported individual and combined effects of invasions and a GEC stressor, which was most commonly warming, drought, or nitrogen addition. We calculated standardized effect sizes (Hedges’ d) for individual and combined treatments and classified interactions as additive (sum of individual treatment effects), antagonistic (smaller than expected), or synergistic (outside the expected range). The ecological effects of GECs varied, with detrimental effects more likely with drought than the other GECs. Invasions were more strongly detrimental, on average, than GECs. Invasion and GEC interactions were mostly antagonistic, but synergistic interactions occurred in >25% of cases and mostly led to more detrimental outcomes for ecosystems. While interactive effects were most often smaller than expected from individual invasion and GEC effects, synergisms were not rare and occurred across ecological responses from the individual to the ecosystem scale. Overall, interactions between invasions and GECs were typically no worse than the effects of invasions alone, highlighting the importance of managing invasions locally as a crucial step toward reducing harm from multiple global changes.
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影响因子：
4.6
作者：
Hawkins, Charlotte L.;Bacher, Sven;Blackburn, Tim M.
通讯作者：
Blackburn, Tim M.
影响因子：
4.8
作者：
Keller JA;Shea K
通讯作者：
Shea K
影响因子：
64.8
作者：
Hooper, David U.;Adair, E. Carol;O'Connor, Mary I.
通讯作者：
O'Connor, Mary I.
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.1017352108
发表时间：
2011-07-26
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Maclean, Ilya M. D.;Wilson, Robert J.
通讯作者：
Wilson, Robert J.
影响因子：
8.8
作者：
Darling, Emily S.;Cote, Isabelle M.
通讯作者：
Cote, Isabelle M.