Transgenerational shifts in reproduction hormesis in green peach aphid exposed to low concentrations of imidacloprid.
Transgenerational shifts in reproduction hormesis in green peach aphid exposed to low concentrations of imidacloprid.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0074532
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发表时间：
2013
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Sibley PK
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ayyanath MM;Cutler GC;Scott-Dupree CD;Sibley PK
毒物兴奋效应是一种双相现象，在毒理学上表现为低剂量的刺激和高剂量的抑制。在许多生物体（包括接触农药的昆虫）对许多化学压力的反应中，都观察到了这种现象，这可能对农业和虫害管理产生影响。为了解决有关的性质的剂量反应和生物适应性的潜在后果的问题，我们研究了跨代兴奋效应的绿色桃蚜，桃蚜，当暴露于亚致死浓度的杀虫剂吡虫啉。一直观察到以繁殖增加的形式出现的激效反应，并且先前开发的用于测试激效的模型充分适合我们的一些数据。然而，剂量-反应的性质在各代人之内和之间有所不同，这取决于接触的持续时间和方式。中间世代的繁殖减少证实了适应性权衡是激素反应的结果。然而，恢复水平的繁殖等于控制在随后的几代和显着更大的总繁殖四代后表明，生物健身增加暴露于低浓度的杀虫剂，即使当昆虫不断暴露于压力。这在温室实验中尤其明显，当蚜虫暴露于用低量吡虫啉系统处理的马铃薯植物时，种群瞬时增长率几乎翻了一番，蚜虫总产量翻了两番多。我们的研究结果表明，虽然健身权衡发生激素反应，这并不一定会损害整体生物适应性。
Hormesis is a biphasic phenomenon that in toxicology is characterized by low-dose stimulation and high-dose inhibition. It has been observed in a wide range of organisms in response to many chemical stressors, including insects exposed to pesticides, with potential repercussions for agriculture and pest management. To address questions related to the nature of the dose-response and potential consequences on biological fitness, we examined transgenerational hormesis in the green peach aphid, Myzus persicae, when exposed to sublethal concentrations of the insecticide imidacloprid. A hormetic response in the form of increased reproduction was consistently observed and a model previously developed to test for hormesis adequately fit some of our data. However, the nature of the dose-response differed within and across generations depending upon the duration and mode of exposure. Decreased reproduction in intermediate generations confirmed that fitness tradeoffs were a consequence of the hormetic response. However, recovery to levels of reproduction equal to that of controls in subsequent generations and significantly greater total reproduction after four generations suggested that biological fitness was increased by exposure to low concentrations of the insecticide, even when insects were continuously exposed to the stressor. This was especially evident in a greenhouse experiment where the instantaneous rate of population increase almost doubled and total aphid production more than quadrupled when aphids were exposed to potato plants systemically treated with low amounts of imidacloprid. Our results show that although fitness tradeoffs do occur with hormetic responses, this does not necessarily compromise overall biological fitness.
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