Diet, Environments, and Gut Microbiota. A Preliminary Investigation in Children Living in Rural and Urban Burkina Faso and Italy.
Diet, Environments, and Gut Microbiota. A Preliminary Investigation in Children Living in Rural and Urban Burkina Faso and Italy.
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DOI：
10.3389/fmicb.2017.01979
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发表时间：
2017
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Lionetti P
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
De Filippo C;Di Paola M;Ramazzotti M;Albanese D;Pieraccini G;Banci E;Miglietta F;Cavalieri D;Lionetti P
饮食是影响肠道菌群组成的主要因素之一。当人们从农村环境迁移到城市地区并经历社会经济条件改善时，他们往往会接触到“全球化”的西方饮食。在这里，我们对属于同一种族、生活在不同环境中的一小群非洲儿童与生活在佛罗伦萨（意大利）市区的儿童进行微生物变化的宏基因组规模进行了初步观察。我们分析了生活在布基纳法索乡村的儿童 (n = 11)、生活在不同城市环境的两组儿童 (纳诺罗镇，n = 8；首都瓦加杜古，n = 5) 和一组意大利儿童 (n = 13) 的饮食习惯，并通过 16S rRNA 基因焦磷酸测序分析了粪便样本的肠道微生物群谱。我们观察到，当将富含脂肪和单糖的动物源性食品引入由谷物、豆类和蔬菜组成的传统非洲饮食中时，肠道微生物群的分布会发生变化。农村儿童的微生物群保留了地理上独特的细菌库（普雷沃氏菌、密螺旋体和琥珀弧菌），用于发酵蔬菜中的纤维和多糖。与地理和种族无关，生活在城市地区的儿童中，这些细菌属逐渐被更适合动物蛋白、脂肪和富含糖类食物代谢的细菌所击败，与意大利儿童类似，PICRUSt（通过重建未观察状态对群落进行系统发育研究）的结果是，PICRUSt 是一种使用 16S rRNA 标记基因对微生物群落进行预测功能分析的结果。因此，我们观察到，通过气相色谱-质谱法测量，城市人口（尤其是意大利儿童）的短链脂肪酸（SCFA）逐渐减少，而农村儿童则更是如此。我们的研究结果即使在有限数量的个体中指出，城市化过程中饮食习惯的改变在塑造肠道微生物群方面发挥着作用，而古老的微生物，如纤维降解细菌，正面临着因食品的快节奏全球化和西化生活方式的出现而被消灭的风险。
Diet is one of the main factors that affects the composition of gut microbiota. When people move from a rural environment to urban areas, and experience improved socio-economic conditions, they are often exposed to a “globalized” Western type diet. Here, we present preliminary observations on the metagenomic scale of microbial changes in small groups of African children belonging to the same ethnicity and living in different environments, compared to children living on the urban area of Florence (Italy). We analyzed dietary habits and, by pyrosequencing of the 16S rRNA gene, gut microbiota profiles from fecal samples of children living in a rural village of Burkina Faso (n = 11), of two groups of children living in different urban settings (Nanoro town, n = 8; Ouagadougou, the capital city, n = 5) and of a group of Italian children (n = 13). We observed that when foods of animal origin, those rich in fat and simple sugars are introduced into a traditional African diet, composed of cereals, legumes and vegetables, the gut microbiota profiles changes. Microbiota of rural children retain a geographically unique bacterial reservoir (Prevotella, Treponema, and Succinivibrio), assigned to ferment fiber and polysaccharides from vegetables. Independently of geography and ethnicity, in children living in urban areas these bacterial genera were progressively outcompeted by bacteria more suited to the metabolism of animal protein, fat and sugar rich foods, similarly to Italian children, as resulted by PICRUSt (Phylogenetic Investigation of Communities by Reconstruction of Unobserved States), a predictive functional profiling of microbial communities using 16S rRNA marker gene. Consequently, we observed a progressive reduction of SCFAs measured by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry, in urban populations, especially in Italian children, respect to rural ones. Our results even if in a limited number of individuals point out that dietary habit modifications in the course of urbanization play a role in shaping gut microbiota, and that ancient microorganisms, such as fiber-degrading bacteria, are at risk of being eliminated by the fast paced globalization of foods and by the advent of westernized lifestyle.
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影响因子：
30.5
作者：
通讯作者：
--
影响因子：
64.8
作者：
Devkota, Suzanne;Wang, Yunwei;Musch, Mark W.;Leone, Vanessa;Fehlner-Peach, Hannah;Nadimpalli, Anuradha;Antonopoulos, Dionysios A.;Jabri, Bana;Chang, Eugene B.
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Chang, Eugene B.
影响因子：
8.8
作者：
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通讯作者：
Walter, Jens
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3.5
作者：
Danielsson, Rebecca;Werner-Omazic, Anna;Bertilsson, Jan
通讯作者：
Bertilsson, Jan
影响因子：
4.2
作者：
Lopetuso LR;Scaldaferri F;Petito V;Gasbarrini A
通讯作者：
Gasbarrini A