Inhibition of 2-Arachidonoylglycerol Metabolism Alleviates Neuropathology and Improves Cognitive Function in a Tau Mouse Model of Alzheimer's Disease.

Inhibition of 2-Arachidonoylglycerol Metabolism Alleviates Neuropathology and Improves Cognitive Function in a Tau Mouse Model of Alzheimer's Disease.
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DOI:
10.1007/s12035-021-02400-2
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发表时间:
2021-08
影响因子:
5.1
通讯作者:
Chen C
Chen C
中科院分区:
医学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Hashem J;Hu M;Zhang J;Gao F;Chen C

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阿尔茨海默病 (AD) 是痴呆症的最常见原因,在美国影响着超过 500 万人。不幸的是,目前没有有效的疗法可以预防 AD 的发展或阻止疾病的进展。基于 AD APP 转基因模型的研究,单酰基甘油脂肪酶 (MAGL) 是降解大脑中内源性大麻素 2-花生四烯酰甘油 (2-AG) 的关键酶,被认为是 AD 的治疗靶点。虽然抑制 2-AG 代谢可减轻 β-淀粉样蛋白 (Aβ) 神经病理学,但仍不清楚 MAGL 失活是否会减轻 tau 病,因为细胞内过度磷酸化 tau 蛋白的积累和沉积是 AD 的神经病理学标志。在这里,我们发现 JZL184 是一种有效的 MAGL 抑制剂,在 P301S/PS19 小鼠(AD 的 tau 小鼠模型)中显着减少促炎细胞因子、星形胶质细胞增生、磷酸化 GSK3β 和 tau、裂解 caspase-3 和磷酸化 NF-kB,同时升高 PPARγ。重要的是,接受 JZL184 治疗的 Tau 转基因小鼠在空间学习和记忆保留方面表现出改善。此外,MAGL 失活可改善 P301S/PS19 小鼠突触蛋白表达的恶化。我们的结果进一步证明 MAGL 是 AD 的一个有前途的治疗靶点。
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia, which affects more than 5 million individuals in the United States. Unfortunately, no effective therapies are currently available to prevent development of AD or to halt progression of the disease. It has been proposed that monoacylglycerol lipase (MAGL), the key enzyme degrading the endocannabinoid 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG) in the brain, is a therapeutic target for AD based on the studies using the APP transgenic models of AD. While inhibition of 2-AG metabolism mitigates β-amyloid (Aβ) neuropathology, it is still not clear whether inactivation of MAGL alleviates tauopathies as accumulation and deposition of intracellular hyperphosphorylated tau protein are the neuropathological hallmark of AD. Here we show that JZL184, a potent MAGL inhibitor, significantly reduced proinflammatory cytokines, astrogliosis, phosphorylated GSK3β and tau, cleaved caspase-3, and phosphorylated NF-kB while it elevated PPARγ in P301S/PS19 mice, a tau mouse model of AD. Importantly, Tau transgenic mice treated with JZL184 displayed improvements in spatial learning and memory retention. In addition, inactivation of MAGL ameliorates deteriorations in expression of synaptic proteins in P301S/PS19 mice. Our results provide further evidence that MAGL is a promising therapeutic target for AD.
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