Isolation and characterization of postsynaptic densities from various brain regions: enrichment of different types of postsynaptic densities.
Isolation and characterization of postsynaptic densities from various brain regions: enrichment of different types of postsynaptic densities.
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不同大脑区域突触后密度的分离和表征：丰富不同类型的突触后密度。
DOI：
10.1083/jcb.86.3.831
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发表时间：
1980-09
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Siekevitz P
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Carlin RK;Grab DJ;Cohen RS;Siekevitz P
已经通过先前用于分离大脑PSD的Triton X-100方法从大脑皮层、中脑、小脑和脑干分离突触后密度（PSD）（Cohen等人，1977，J. Cell Biol.74：181）。这些PSD在蛋白质组成、蛋白质磷酸化和形态学方面进行了比较。薄切片电子显微镜显示大脑皮层和中脑PSD是相同的，约57 nm厚，由直径为20-30 nm的明显聚集体组成。分离的小脑PSD比大脑皮层PSD更薄（33 nm），缺乏明显的20- 30 nm聚集体，但具有格子状结构。在单向旋转阴影复制品中，大脑和中脑PSD呈圆形，中央有一个大的穿孔或孔。小脑PSD没有大穿孔，但在网格状结构中有许多较小的穿孔。在大脑PSD中观察到连接可能的20- 30-nm聚集体的细丝（6-9 nm），并且还观察到从PSD一侧辐射。SDS凝胶电泳显示大脑皮层和中脑PSD的蛋白质模式相同。相比之下，小脑PSD（a）缺乏主要的51，000 Mr蛋白，（B）含有两倍少的钙调素，（c）含有一种独特的73，000 Mr蛋白。钙加钙调素刺激大脑皮层和中脑PSD中51，000和62，000 Mr带的磷酸化。在小脑PSD中，只有58，000和62，000 Mr带被磷酸化。在所有脑区的PSD中，cAMP刺激蛋白Ia（73，000 Mr）、蛋白Ib（68，000 Mr）和60，000 Mr蛋白的磷酸化，尽管大脑和中脑PSD含有比小脑高得多的磷酸化蛋白水平。根据形态学标准，从大脑和中脑分离的PSD可能来自Gray I型或不对称突触，而小脑PSD来自Gray II型或对称突触。由于有一些证据表明，I型突触参与兴奋机制，而II型参与抑制机制，PSD和它的一些蛋白质在这些突触反应的作用进行了讨论。
Postsynaptic densities (PSDs) have been isolated from cerebral cortex, midbrain, cerebellum, and brain stem by the Triton X-100 method previously used in the isolation of cerebral PSDs (Cohen et al., 1977, J. Cell Biol. 74:181). These PSDs have been compared in protein composition, protein phosphorylation, and morphology. Thin-section electron microscopy revealed that cerebral cortex and midbrain PSDs were identical, being approximately 57 nm thick and composed of apparent aggregates 20-30 nm in diameter. Isolated cerebellar PSDs appeared thinner (33 nm) than cerebral cortex PSDs and lacked the apparent 20- to 30-nm aggregates, but had a latticelike structure. In unidirectional and rotary-shadowed replicas, the cerebrum and midbrain PSDs were circular in shape with a large central perforation or hole in the center of them. Cerebellum PSDs did not have a large perforation, but did have numerous smaller perforations in a lattice like structure. Filaments (6-9 nm) were observed connecting possible 20- to 30-nm aggregates in cerebrum PSDs and were also observed radiating from one side of the PSD. Both cerebral cortex and midbrain PSDs exhibited identical protein patterns on SDS gel electrophoresis. In comparison, cerebellar PSDs (a) lacked the major 51,000 Mr protein, (b) contained two times less calmodulin, and (c) contained a unique protein at 73,000 Mr. Calcium plus calmodulin stimulated the phosphorylation of the 51,000 and 62,000 Mr bands in both cerebral cortex and midbrain PSDs. In cerebellar PSDs, only the 58,000 and 62,000 Mr bands were phosphorylated. In the PSDs from all brain regions, cAMP stimulated the phosphorylation of Protein Ia (73,000 Mr), Protein Ib (68.000 Mr), and a 60,000 Mr protein, although cerebrum and midbrain PSDs contained very much higher levels of phosphorylated protein than did the cerebellum. On the basis of the morphological criteria, it is possible that PSDs isolated from cerebrum and midbrain were derived from the Gray type I, or asymmetric, synapses, whereas cerebellum PSDs were derived from the Gray type II, or symmetric, synapses. Since there is some evidence that the type I synapses are involved in excitatory mechanisms while the type II are involved in inhibitory mechanisms, the role of the PSD and of some of its proteins in these synaptic responses is discussed.
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DOI：
10.1083/jcb.61.2.466
发表时间：
1974-05
期刊：
The Journal of cell biology
影响因子：
--
作者：
Bretz U;Baggiolini M;Hauser R;Hodel C
通讯作者：
Hodel C
DOI：
10.1016/0005-2795(79)90161-2
发表时间：
1979-01-01
期刊：
BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA
影响因子：
--
作者：
DAHL, D;BIGNAMI, A
通讯作者：
BIGNAMI, A
DOI：
10.1083/jcb.78.1.36
发表时间：
1978-07
期刊：
The Journal of cell biology
影响因子：
--
作者：
Cohen RS;Siekevitz P
通讯作者：
Siekevitz P
DOI：
10.1083/jcb.74.1.181
发表时间：
1977-07
期刊：
The Journal of cell biology
影响因子：
--
作者：
Cohen RS;Blomberg F;Berzins K;Siekevitz P
通讯作者：
Siekevitz P
DOI：
10.1083/jcb.79.1.173
发表时间：
1978-10
期刊：
The Journal of cell biology
影响因子：
--
作者：
Kelly PT;Cotman CW
通讯作者：
Cotman CW