Household insecticide use and urinary 3-phenoxybenzoic acid levels in an elder population: a repeated measures data.
Household insecticide use and urinary 3-phenoxybenzoic acid levels in an elder population: a repeated measures data.
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DOI：
10.1038/s41370-020-00276-3
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发表时间：
2021-11
影响因子：
4.5
通讯作者：
Hong YC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kim JH;Kim S;Hong YC
即使在低剂量接触下，拟除虫菊酯也与不良健康后果有关。然而，关于脆弱老年人群的拟除虫菊酯暴露水平及其暴露来源的证据有限。我们试图确定韩国老年人的拟除虫菊酯暴露水平及其暴露来源。我们测量的3-苯氧基苯甲酸（3-PBA），拟除虫菊酯的代谢产物，重复收集1239韩国农村和城市老年人的尿液中的水平，我们还探讨了暴露来源的拟除虫菊酯使用问卷调查数据。我们的参与者具有高水平的3-PBA，其中446名（36.0%）老年人的3-PBA水平超过德国代表性人群的第95百分位数的2 ng/mL。在使用线性混合效应模型对性别、年龄、吸烟状况、就诊事件和调查季节进行调整后，家庭杀虫剂喷雾使用与3-PBA水平显著相关（β = 0.03和p = 0.02），仅女性的相关性明显（β = 0.03和p = 0.03）。在使用广义加性混合模型的非线性关系分析中，杀虫剂喷雾使用对3-PBA水平的影响呈J形变化（总人口和女性均p < 0.01）。在韩国老年人中，家庭杀虫剂喷雾是拟除虫菊酯在社区一级的主要暴露源，警告要对包括杀虫剂喷雾在内的拟除虫菊酯经常暴露的环境因素进行更严格的控制。
Pyrethroids are associated with adverse health consequences, even at low-dose exposures. However, there is limited evidence on pyrethroids exposure levels among vulnerable elder population and on their exposure sources. We tried to determine pyrethroids exposure levels among Korean elders and their exposure sources. We measured levels of 3-phenoxybenzoic acid (3-PBA), a pyrethroids metabolite, in urines repeatedly collected from 1239 Korean rural and urban elders; we also explored exposure sources for pyrethroids using questionnaire data. Our participants had high levels of 3-PBA with 446 (36.0%) of elders with 3-PBA level over 2 ng/mL of 95th percentile of the German representative populations. After adjustment for sex, age, smoking status, visit episode, and surveyed season using linear mixed effect models, household insecticide spray use was significantly associated with 3-PBA level (β = 0.03 and p = 0.02) and the association was apparent only for females (β = 0.03 and p = 0.03). In the analyses for nonlinear relationships using generalized additive mixed models, there was a J-shape change in 3-PBA level by insecticide spray use (p < 0.01 both in total population and in females). Household insecticide spray was a predominant exposure source for pyrethroids at community level among Korean elders, warning more stringent control for frequently exposed environmental factors for pyrethroids including insecticide spray.
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