Regulation of eukaryotic gene expression by the untranslated gene regions and other non-coding elements.

Regulation of eukaryotic gene expression by the untranslated gene regions and other non-coding elements.
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通过未翻译基因区域和其他非编码元件调节真核基因表达。

DOI:
10.1007/s00018-012-0990-9
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发表时间:
2012-11
影响因子:
8
通讯作者:
Wilton, Steve D.
Wilton, Steve D.
中科院分区:
生物学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Barrett, Lucy W.;Fletcher, Sue;Wilton, Steve D.

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现在有令人信服的证据表明,高等生物的复杂性与非编码RNA的相对数量有关,而不是蛋白质编码基因的数量。以前被认为是“垃圾DNA”,它是基因组的非编码区,负责调控,通过多种机制和相互作用的组合效应促进复杂的时空基因表达,共同微调基因表达。参与特定基因调控的主要区域是5′和3′非翻译区和内含子。此外,复杂基因组的普遍转录产生多种与这些区域相互作用并有助于调节的非编码转录物。本文综述了近年来非翻译基因区和非编码RNA在控制复杂基因表达中的调控作用,以及它们对生物体复杂性和进化的影响。
There is now compelling evidence that the complexity of higher organisms correlates with the relative amount of non-coding RNA rather than the number of protein-coding genes. Previously dismissed as “junk DNA”, it is the non-coding regions of the genome that are responsible for regulation, facilitating complex temporal and spatial gene expression through the combinatorial effect of numerous mechanisms and interactions working together to fine-tune gene expression. The major regions involved in regulation of a particular gene are the 5′ and 3′ untranslated regions and introns. In addition, pervasive transcription of complex genomes produces a variety of non-coding transcripts that interact with these regions and contribute to regulation. This review discusses recent insights into the regulatory roles of the untranslated gene regions and non-coding RNAs in the control of complex gene expression, as well as the implications of this in terms of organism complexity and evolution.
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