Using the zebrafish to understand tendon development and repair.
Using the zebrafish to understand tendon development and repair.
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DOI：
10.1016/bs.mcb.2016.10.003
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发表时间：
2017
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Galloway JL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chen JW;Galloway JL
肌腱是我们肌肉骨骼系统的重要组成部分。这些组织的损伤是非常常见的，由职业相关的损伤、运动相关的创伤和年龄相关的退化引起。不幸的是，几乎没有治疗选择，目前的治疗方法很少使受伤的肌腱恢复其原始功能。更好地了解调节其发展和修复的途径将对刺激肌腱损伤的再生方法的制定产生重大影响。斑马鱼提供了一个理想的系统，在其中进行遗传和化学筛选，以确定肌腱生物学中涉及的新途径。直到最近，还很少有人描述斑马鱼的肌腱和韧带，以及它们与哺乳动物肌腱组织的相似性。在这一章中，我们描述了斑马鱼肌腱和韧带组织的基因表达，结构和与邻近的肌肉骨骼组织的相互作用的背景下的发展。我们强调肌腱发育的相似性，在高等脊椎动物，显示在斑马鱼的颅面肌腱和韧带的形态，分子和结构类似于哺乳动物的肌腱和韧带从胚胎到成年阶段。我们详细的荧光原位杂交和免疫组织化学方法作为一种检测方法来检查斑马鱼肌肉骨骼的形态变化。诸如此类的染色测定可以为基于筛选的方法提供基础，以确定肌腱发育，形态发生和修复的新调节因子。这些发现将提供新的目标和途径，以研究基于再生医学的方法来改善肌腱愈合。
Tendons are important components of our musculoskeletal system. Injuries to these tissues are very common, resulting from occupational-related injuries, sports-related trauma, and age-related degeneration. Unfortunately, there are few treatment options, and current therapies rarely restore injured tendons to their original function. An improved understanding of the pathways regulating their development and repair would have significant impact in stimulating the formulation of regenerative-based approaches for tendon injury. The zebrafish provides an ideal system in which to perform genetic and chemical screens to identify new pathways involved in tendon biology. Until recently, there had been few descriptions of tendons and ligaments in the zebrafish and their similarity to mammalian tendon tissues. In this chapter, we describe the development of the zebrafish tendon and ligament tissues in the context of their gene expression, structure, and interactions with neighboring musculoskeletal tissues. We highlight the similarities with tendon development in higher vertebrates, showing that the craniofacial tendons and ligaments in zebrafish morphologically, molecularly, and structurally resemble mammalian tendons and ligaments from embryonic to adult stages. We detail methods for fluorescent in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry as an assay to examine morphological changes in the zebrafish musculoskeleton. Staining assays such as these could provide the foundation for screen-based approaches to identify new regulators of tendon development, morphogenesis, and repair. These discoveries would provide new targets and pathways to study in the context of regenerative medicine-based approaches to improve tendon healing.
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