Meta-analysis of gut microbiome studies identifies disease-specific and shared responses.

Meta-analysis of gut microbiome studies identifies disease-specific and shared responses.
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DOI:
10.1038/s41467-017-01973-8
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发表时间:
2017-12-05
影响因子:
16.6
通讯作者:
Alm EJ
Alm EJ
中科院分区:
综合性期刊1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Duvallet C;Gibbons SM;Gurry T;Irizarry RA;Alm EJ

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数百项临床研究已经证明了人类微生物组与疾病之间的关联,但我们如何推广这一知识仍然存在根本问题。个别研究的结果可能不一致,并且由于缺乏标准的处理和分析方法,比较已发表的数据更加复杂。在这里,我们介绍了MicrobiomeHD数据库,其中包括28个已发表的病例对照肠道微生物组研究,涵盖10种疾病。我们使用标准化方法对这些研究进行了跨疾病荟萃分析。我们发现了表征疾病相关微生物组变化的一致模式。一些疾病与50多个属有关,而大多数疾病仅显示10-15个属水平的变化。一些疾病的特点是存在潜在的致病微生物,而另一些疾病的特点是与健康有关的细菌减少。此外,我们发现,与个体研究相关的属中约有一半是对一种以上疾病有反应的细菌。因此,在病例对照研究中发现的许多关联可能不是疾病特异性的,而是对健康和疾病的非特异性共同反应的一部分。报道的人类微生物组与疾病之间的关联往往不一致。在这里,Duvallet等人对跨越10种疾病的28项肠道微生物组研究进行了荟萃分析,并发现了可能不是疾病特异性的关联,但可能是对疾病的共同反应的一部分。
Hundreds of clinical studies have demonstrated associations between the human microbiome and disease, yet fundamental questions remain on how we can generalize this knowledge. Results from individual studies can be inconsistent, and comparing published data is further complicated by a lack of standard processing and analysis methods. Here we introduce the MicrobiomeHD database, which includes 28 published case–control gut microbiome studies spanning ten diseases. We perform a cross-disease meta-analysis of these studies using standardized methods. We find consistent patterns characterizing disease-associated microbiome changes. Some diseases are associated with over 50 genera, while most show only 10–15 genus-level changes. Some diseases are marked by the presence of potentially pathogenic microbes, whereas others are characterized by a depletion of health-associated bacteria. Furthermore, we show that about half of genera associated with individual studies are bacteria that respond to more than one disease. Thus, many associations found in case–control studies are likely not disease-specific but rather part of a non-specific, shared response to health and disease. Reported associations between the human microbiome and disease are often inconsistent. Here, Duvallet et al. perform a meta-analysis of 28 gut microbiome studies spanning ten diseases, and find associations that are likely not disease-specific but potentially part of a shared response to disease.
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