Having a goal to stop action is associated with advance control of specific motor representations.
Having a goal to stop action is associated with advance control of specific motor representations.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2009.10.015
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发表时间：
2010-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Aron AR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Claffey MP;Sheldon S;Stinear CM;Verbruggen F;Aron AR
认知控制的一个重要方面在于能够阻止自己做出不恰当的反应。在早期的一项研究中，我们证明了有不同的停止机制：全局的和选择性的。我们认为，当速度至关重要时，参与者更有可能使用全局机制，而当他们预先知道可能需要停止哪种反应倾向时，他们更有可能使用选择性机制。在这里，我们进一步研究了预知和选择性停车之间的关系。在实验1中，我们采用了先前的设计，以表明个体对停止目标的回忆准确率的差异预测了停止的选择性。这证实了编码和使用预知记忆线索是选择性停止机制的关键使能。在实验2中，我们使用经颅磁刺激(TMS)来检验这一假设，即预先知识“建立”了一个控制集，从而对未来可能需要停止的反应表征进行控制。我们将TMS应用于左侧运动皮质，并测量了右手的运动诱发电位(MEPs)，同时参与者进行了与实验1类似的行为范式。在预知期，与右手可能需要停止的试验相比，在试验中，MEP显著减少。这表明，对未来可能需要停止的反应有一个目标，就是对特定的运动表征应用提前控制。
An important aspect of cognitive control consists in the ability to stop oneself from making inappropriate responses. In an earlier study we demonstrated that there are different mechanisms for stopping: global and selective. We argued that participants are more likely to use a global mechanism when speed is of the essence, whereas they are more likely to use a selective mechanism when they have foreknowledge of which response tendency they may need to stop. Here we further investigate the relationship between foreknowledge and selective stopping. In Experiment 1 we adapted the earlier design to show that individual differences in recall accuracy for the stopping goal predict the selectivity of the stopping. This confirms that encoding and using a foreknowledge memory cue is a key enabler for a selective stopping mechanism. In Experiment 2, we used transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), to test the hypothesis that foreknowledge “sets up” a control set whereby control is applied onto the response representation that may need to be stopped in the future. We applied TMS to the left motor cortex and measured motor evoked potentials (MEPs) from the right hand while participants performed a similar behavioral paradigm as Experiment 1. In the foreknowledge period, MEPs were significantly reduced for trials where the right hand was the one that might need to be stopped relative to when it was not. This shows that having a goal of what response may need to be stopped in the future consists in applying advance control onto a specific motor representation.
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发表时间：
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