The Role of National Paid Family and Medical Leave Policies in Promoting Health Equity for Older Adults and Their Caregivers.
The Role of National Paid Family and Medical Leave Policies in Promoting Health Equity for Older Adults and Their Caregivers.
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DOI：
10.3928/00989134-20220209-01
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发表时间：
2022-03
影响因子：
1.3
通讯作者：
Perez, G. Adriana
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Estrada, Leah, V;Jason, Resendez;Perez, G. Adriana
在美国5300万无偿家庭/朋友照顾者中，超过4800万人为老年人提供护理。这些没有报酬的劳动力为患有严重、长期疾病或残疾的家庭成员或朋友提供了必要的支持。然而，家庭照顾者往往得不到支持，这导致了负面的健康、经济和心理后果(社区生活管理局，2019年)。尽管家庭照顾者做出了重大贡献，但旨在缓解这一日益增长的社区的护理困难的政策支持有限。尤其是，国家带薪家庭假和医疗假政策在减轻家庭照料者面临的复合负担和解决系统性不平等方面具有很大潜力，这些不平等导致历史上被边缘化的老年人及其照顾者的照料结果不成比例地较差(全国家庭护理联盟和美国退休人员协会，2020a)。研究表明，带薪家庭假和医疗假可以帮助家庭照顾者平衡工作和照看角色，但分配不均。本文的目的是概述黑人/非裔美国人和西班牙裔/拉丁裔家庭照顾者所经历的经济负担和与照料相关的健康差距，并讨论带薪休假政策对老年人整体健康和福祉的影响。我们建议老年护士与跨学科的同事、利益相关者和倡导者合作，以确保所有家庭照顾者都能获得带薪假期。
Of the 53 million unpaid family/friend caregivers in the United States (U.S.), over 48 million provide care to older adults. This unpaid workforce provides essential support for family members or friends who have a serious, long-term illness or disability. However, family caregivers are often under supported, which contributes to negative health, economic, and psychological consequences (Administration for Community Living, 2019). Despite the significant contributions of family caregivers, there are limited policy supports aimed at alleviating the hardships of care on this growing community. National paid family and medical leave policy in particular holds substantial potential to alleviate the compounding burdens faced by family caregivers and to address systemic inequities that contribute to disproportionately poorer caregiving outcomes among historically marginalized older adults and their caregivers (National Alliance for Family Caregiving & AARP, 2020a). Research suggests that paid family and medical leave can help family caregivers balance both working and caregiving roles, but it is unevenly distributed. The purpose of this article is to provide an overview of the economic burdens and caregiving-related health disparities experienced by Black/African American and Hispanic/Latinx family caregivers, and discuss the impact of paid leave policies on the overall health and well-being of older adults. We propose a “Call to Action” for Gerontological nurses to work in partnership with transdisciplinary colleagues, stakeholders and advocates to ensure all family caregivers have access to paid leave.
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