Negative affect impairs associative memory but not item memory.
Negative affect impairs associative memory but not item memory.
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DOI：
10.1101/lm.032409.113
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发表时间：
2013-12-17
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Burgess N
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bisby JA;Burgess N
已经提出，项目和它们的上下文之间的关联的形成依赖于与支持单个项目的记忆的机制不同的机制。虽然情绪体验可以深刻地影响记忆，但我们对它如何与记忆的不同方面相互作用的理解仍然不清楚。我们进行了三个实验来研究情绪对项目及其关联记忆的影响。实验1通过呈现中性和负性项目与背景情境，表明项目记忆促进情绪影响，而相关的背景记忆减少。在实验2中，唤醒被操纵独立的备忘录，由休克的威胁，从而编码审判发生在威胁或安全的条件下。背景的记忆同样受损的负面影响的存在下，无论是由威胁的冲击或负面项目，相对于检索的背景下，一个中性的项目在安全。在实验3中，参与者被呈现为中性和阴性项目配对协会，包括中性和阴性项目的所有组合。结果表明，与中性项目相比，负性项目（这里的第二个项目，实验1和2中的上下文）的联想记忆受损，而项目本身的提取增强。我们的研究结果表明，负面影响损害联想记忆，而认识到一个负面的项目是加强。他们支持双重处理模型，在这种模型中，负面影响或压力会损害依赖于大脑的联想记忆，而负面感觉/知觉表征的存储则会保留甚至加强。
The formation of associations between items and their context has been proposed to rely on mechanisms distinct from those supporting memory for a single item. Although emotional experiences can profoundly affect memory, our understanding of how it interacts with different aspects of memory remains unclear. We performed three experiments to examine the effects of emotion on memory for items and their associations. By presenting neutral and negative items with background contexts, Experiment 1 demonstrated that item memory was facilitated by emotional affect, whereas memory for an associated context was reduced. In Experiment 2, arousal was manipulated independently of the memoranda, by a threat of shock, whereby encoding trials occurred under conditions of threat or safety. Memory for context was equally impaired by the presence of negative affect, whether induced by threat of shock or a negative item, relative to retrieval of the context of a neutral item in safety. In Experiment 3, participants were presented with neutral and negative items as paired associates, including all combinations of neutral and negative items. The results showed both above effects: compared to a neutral item, memory for the associate of a negative item (a second item here, context in Experiments 1 and 2) is impaired, whereas retrieval of the item itself is enhanced. Our findings suggest that negative affect impairs associative memory while recognition of a negative item is enhanced. They support dual-processing models in which negative affect or stress impairs hippocampal-dependent associative memory while the storage of negative sensory/perceptual representations is spared or even strengthened.
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影响因子：
25
作者：
Farovik A;Place RJ;Miller DR;Eichenbaum H
通讯作者：
Eichenbaum H
影响因子：
2.4
作者：
Cahill, L;McGaugh, JL
通讯作者：
McGaugh, JL
影响因子：
4.2
作者：
Doerksen, Sharon;Shimamura, Arthur P.
通讯作者：
Shimamura, Arthur P.
影响因子：
2.4
作者：
GARDINER, JM
通讯作者：
GARDINER, JM
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.93.15.8016
发表时间：
1996-07-23
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Cahill, L;Haier, RJ;McGaugh, JL
通讯作者：
McGaugh, JL