The impact of mild-to-severe hearing loss on the neural dynamics serving verbal working memory processing in children.
The impact of mild-to-severe hearing loss on the neural dynamics serving verbal working memory processing in children.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.nicl.2021.102647
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发表时间：
2021
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
McCreery RW
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Heinrichs-Graham E;Walker EA;Eastman JA;Frenzel MR;Joe TR;McCreery RW
轻度至重度听力损失导致语言和工作记忆方面的行为延迟。听力损失如何改变服务于工作记忆的神经动力学尚不清楚。对工作记忆编码和维持相关的神经反应进行了比较。听力损失儿童表现出右侧大脑半球代偿性活动增加。额顶叶特定阶段的活动与言语智力分数相关。与听力正常的儿童（CNH）相比，听力损失儿童（CHL）在语言功能方面表现出延迟。然而，关于这些延迟是否延伸到其他认知领域（如工作记忆）的证据不一，一些研究显示听力损失儿童存在下降，而另一些研究则显示听力损失儿童表现与听力正常儿童处于同一水平。尽管研究听力损失对认知和语言发展影响的文献日益增多，但对这些认知过程背后的神经动力学的研究却明显缺失。本研究旨在识别与听力正常儿童相比，听力损失儿童在言语工作记忆处理过程中的振荡神经反应。为此，有听力损失和无听力损失的参与者在脑磁图检查期间执行一项言语工作记忆任务。分别对与工作记忆编码和维持相关的神经振荡反应进行成像，并对听力损失儿童和听力正常儿童之间的这些反应进行统计评估。虽然听力损失儿童在任务中的表现与听力正常儿童一样好，但在编码过程中，与听力正常儿童相比，听力损失儿童在右侧额叶和中央前回皮质表现出显著升高的α - β活动。相比之下，听力损失儿童在右侧中央前回和顶枕叶皮质表现出与α维持相关的活动升高。关键的是，右侧额上回编码活动和右侧顶枕叶维持活动与各组的语言能力相关。这些数据表明，听力损失儿童可能利用右侧大脑半球的代偿性活动来达到与听力正常儿童相同水平的言语工作记忆功能。这些区域的神经行为可能在关键的发育年龄影响语言功能。
Mild-to-severe hearing loss causes behavioral delays in language and working memory. How hearing loss changes the neural dynamics serving working memory is unknown. Working memory encoding and maintenance-related neural responses were compared. Children with hearing loss showed increased compensatory right-hemisphere activity. Fronto-parietal phase-specific activity was related to verbal intelligence scores. Children with hearing loss (CHL) exhibit delays in language function relative to children with normal hearing (CNH). However, evidence on whether these delays extend into other cognitive domains such as working memory is mixed, with some studies showing decrements in CHL and others showing CHL performing at the level of CNH. Despite the growing literature investigating the impact of hearing loss on cognitive and language development, studies of the neural dynamics that underlie these cognitive processes are notably absent. This study sought to identify the oscillatory neural responses serving verbal working memory processing in CHL compared to CNH. To this end, participants with and without hearing loss performed a verbal working memory task during magnetoencephalography. Neural oscillatory responses associated with working memory encoding and maintenance were imaged separately, and these responses were statistically evaluated between CHL and CNH. While CHL performed as well on the task as CNH, CHL exhibited significantly elevated alpha–beta activity in the right frontal and precentral cortices during encoding relative to CNH. In contrast, CHL showed elevated alpha maintenance-related activity in the right precentral and parieto-occipital cortices. Crucially, right superior frontal encoding activity and right parieto-occipital maintenance activity correlated with language ability across groups. These data suggest that CHL may utilize compensatory right-hemispheric activity to achieve verbal working memory function at the level of CNH. Neural behavior in these regions may impact language function during crucial developmental ages.
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