Management of spasticity after spinal cord injury: current techniques and future directions.
Management of spasticity after spinal cord injury: current techniques and future directions.
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DOI：
10.1177/1545968309343213
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发表时间：
2010-01
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Mushahwar VK
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Elbasiouny SM;Moroz D;Bakr MM;Mushahwar VK
痉挛，导致肌肉的不自主和持续收缩，可能在中风、脑瘫、多发性硬化、脑损伤和脊髓损伤（SCI）患者中发展。作者批判性地回顾了可能导致SCI后痉挛的神经机制，并评估了其可能的参与程度及其病理生理学的相对意义。从病人和动物模型的痉挛，以及计算机模拟的实验数据进行评估。目前的临床方法用于痉挛和药物的药理作用的管理进行了讨论，其对脊柱机制的影响。对实验结果的批判性评估表明，运动神经元和中间神经元的兴奋性增加在痉挛的病理生理学中起着至关重要的作用。新的干预措施，包括抑制神经元兴奋性增加的脊髓电刺激形式，可能会降低痉挛及其并发症的严重程度。
Spasticity, resulting in involuntary and sustained contractions of muscles, may evolve in patients with stroke, cerebral palsy, multiple sclerosis, brain injury, and spinal cord injury (SCI). The authors critically review the neural mechanisms that may contribute to spasticity after SCI and assess their likely degree of involvement and relative significance to its pathophysiology. Experimental data from patients and animal models of spasticity as well as computer simulations are evaluated. The current clinical methods used for the management of spasticity and the pharmacological actions of drugs are discussed in relation to their effects on spinal mechanisms. Critical assessment of experimental findings indicates that increased excitability of both motoneurons and interneurons plays a crucial role in pathophysiology of spasticity. New interventions, including forms of spinal electrical stimulation to suppress increased neuronal excitability, may reduce the severity of spasticity and its complications.
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DOI：
10.1109/86.547923
发表时间：
1996-12-01
期刊：
IEEE transactions on rehabilitation engineering : a publication of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society
影响因子：
--
作者：
Dewald, J P;Given, J D;Rymer, W Z
通讯作者：
Rymer, W Z
影响因子：
3.4
作者：
Bhadra, N;Kilgore, KL
通讯作者：
Kilgore, KL
影响因子：
3.3
作者：
Clarke, RW;Eves, S;Stuart, E
通讯作者：
Stuart, E
影响因子：
2.5
作者：
BERGER, AJ;BAYLISS, DA;VIANA, F
通讯作者：
VIANA, F
影响因子：
14.5
作者：
Crone, C;Johnsen, LL;Nielsen, JB
通讯作者：
Nielsen, JB