The Engram's Dark Horse: How Interneurons Regulate State-Dependent Memory Processing and Plasticity.

The Engram's Dark Horse: How Interneurons Regulate State-Dependent Memory Processing and Plasticity.
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DOI:
10.3389/fncir.2021.750541
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发表时间:
2021
影响因子:
3.5
通讯作者:
Aton SJ
Aton SJ
中科院分区:
医学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Raven F;Aton SJ

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大脑状态如觉醒和睡眠在记忆编码、存储和回忆中起着关键作用。最近的研究强调了记忆痕迹神经元在学习过程中被激活的神经元群体在随后的记忆巩固和回忆中的作用。这些记忆痕迹群体通常被认为是海马体神经元,并且关于记忆痕迹神经元功能的绝大多数数据集中在海马体、杏仁核或新皮质中的海马体神经元锥体细胞或颗粒细胞群体。最近的数据表明,睡眠和清醒状态差异调节的活动和时间动态的记忆痕迹神经元。这种调节的两种潜在机制是通过直接调节海马神经元的兴奋性和放电,或通过对中间神经元群体的状态依赖性影响,这反过来又调节海马神经元的活动。在这里,我们将讨论最近的研究结果有关的状态调节记忆过程和突触可塑性,以及了解这些机制的潜在治疗意义的中间神经元的作用。
Brain states such as arousal and sleep play critical roles in memory encoding, storage, and recall. Recent studies have highlighted the role of engram neurons–populations of neurons activated during learning–in subsequent memory consolidation and recall. These engram populations are generally assumed to be glutamatergic, and the vast majority of data regarding the function of engram neurons have focused on glutamatergic pyramidal or granule cell populations in either the hippocampus, amygdala, or neocortex. Recent data suggest that sleep and wake states differentially regulate the activity and temporal dynamics of engram neurons. Two potential mechanisms for this regulation are either via direct regulation of glutamatergic engram neuron excitability and firing, or via state-dependent effects on interneuron populations–which in turn modulate the activity of glutamatergic engram neurons. Here, we will discuss recent findings related to the roles of interneurons in state-regulated memory processes and synaptic plasticity, and the potential therapeutic implications of understanding these mechanisms.
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