Assessment of Variation in US State Laws Addressing the Prevention of and Response to Teen Dating Violence in Secondary Schools.
Assessment of Variation in US State Laws Addressing the Prevention of and Response to Teen Dating Violence in Secondary Schools.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1001/jamapediatrics.2022.1735
复制
发表时间：
2022-08-01
期刊：
影响因子：
26.1
通讯作者：
Miller, Elizabeth
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Adhia, Avanti;Kray, Melanie;Bowen, Deirdre;Kernic, Mary A.;Miller, Elizabeth
美国各州法律在预防和应对中学青少年约会暴力方面有多大的差异？在这项对美国50个州和哥伦比亚特区的横断面监测研究中，截至2020年9月30日，38个州（74.5%）至少有一项针对中学青少年约会暴力的法律，13个州（25.5%）没有。与预防教育和学区政策制定有关的组成部分差异很大;例如，不到三分之一的州包括资金规定或不遵守的后果。这项研究的结果表明，尽管大多数州都有针对中学青少年约会暴力的法律，但他们可以从更多的规定中受益，以更明确地指导学校，包括实施这些法律的资源和激励措施。这项横断面研究评估的内容和全面性的国家法律，解决预防和应对青少年约会暴力的学生在美国中学。青少年约会暴力（TDV）是普遍存在的，并在整个生命过程中产生不良后果。美国许多州都在积极寻求预防和解决学校TDV的策略，包括制定和实施TDV法律。这些州法律是上游的系统级干预措施，为在学校部署一系列下游有针对性的干预措施奠定了基础。尽管这些法律在过去十年中获得了发展势头，但对其内容和可变性的研究却很少。评估美国各州关于预防和应对中学TDV的法律的内容和全面性。一组公共卫生和法律的研究人员使用系统的政策监测方法，开发了一个全面的州法律数据库，该数据库涉及美国所有50个州和哥伦比亚特区（以下简称“州”）截至2020年9月30日生效的学校TDV。使用Lounge Nexis和州立法机构网站，确定了州法律（法规和行政法规）。每项法律的组成部分分为5类：范围、预防教育、政策、对策和执行。总体而言，38个州（74.5%）至少有一项关于中学TDV的法律，13个州（25.5%）没有。不到一半的州（38个州中的15个[39.5%]）定义了TDV。所有38个州都处理预防教育问题，其中29个州（76.3%）要求开展这些工作，9个州（23.7%）鼓励开展这些工作。在大多数州（35 [92.1%]），预防教育主要针对学生，但有些州还要求学校工作人员（18 [47.4%]）和家长（8 [21.1%]）接受预防教育。不到一半的州要求（14 [36.8%]）或鼓励（3 [7.9%]）学区制定解决TDV的政策。很少有州要求学校必须如何应对TDV事件。不到三分之一的州指定个人协调TDV工作（12 [31.6%]），在其法律中为TDV计划和政策提供资金（10 [26.3%]），并包括不遵守TDV法律的明确后果（12 [31.6%]）。这项横断面研究发现，美国大多数州都有针对学校TDV的法律，但法律的内容和全面性存在显着差异。这些调查结果可以为制定更全面的TDV法律提供信息，最终可能会减少此类事件。
How variable are US state laws addressing the prevention of and response to teen dating violence in secondary schools? In this cross-sectional surveillance study of 50 US states and the District of Columbia, 38 states (74.5%) had at least 1 law addressing teen dating violence in secondary schools as of September 30, 2020, and 13 states (25.5%) did not. There was considerable variation in components related to prevention education and development of school district policies; for example, fewer than a third of states included a funding provision or consequences for noncompliance. The findings of this study suggest that although most states have laws addressing teen dating violence in secondary schools, they could benefit from additional provisions to more clearly guide schools, including resources and incentives to implement these laws. This cross-sectional study assesses the content and comprehensiveness of state laws that address the prevention of and response to teen dating violence among students in US secondary schools. Teen dating violence (TDV) is widespread and has adverse consequences across the life course. Many US states are actively seeking strategies to prevent and address TDV in schools, including enactment and implementation of TDV laws. These state laws are upstream, system-level interventions that lay the foundation for an array of downstream targeted interventions to be deployed in schools. Despite these laws gaining momentum in the past decade, there has been minimal research examining their content and variability. To assess the content and comprehensiveness of US state laws addressing prevention of and response to TDV in secondary schools. A team of public health and legal researchers used systematic policy surveillance methods to develop a comprehensive database of state laws addressing TDV in schools in all 50 US states and the District of Columbia (referred to hereinafter as “states”) in effect as of September 30, 2020. Using LexisNexis and state legislature websites, state laws (statutes and administrative codes) were identified. Components for each law were coded within 5 categories: scope, prevention education, policy, response, and implementation. Overall, 38 states (74.5%) had at least 1 law addressing TDV in secondary schools and 13 states (25.5%) did not. Fewer than half of states with a law (15 of 38 [39.5%]) defined TDV. All 38 states addressed prevention education, with 29 (76.3%) requiring and 9 (23.7%) encouraging these efforts. Prevention education was largely for students in most states (35 [92.1%]), but some states also required school staff (18 [47.4%]) and parents (8 [21.1%]) to receive prevention education. Fewer than half of states required (14 [36.8%]) or encouraged (3 [7.9%]) school districts to develop a policy addressing TDV. Very few states included requirements for how schools must respond to TDV incidents. Fewer than a third of states designated an individual to coordinate TDV efforts (12 [31.6%]), included a funding provision in their laws for TDV programs and policies (10 [26.3%]), and included explicit consequences for noncompliance with TDV laws (12 [31.6%]). This cross-sectional study found that most US states had laws addressing TDV in schools, but there was significant variation in the content and comprehensiveness of the laws. These findings can inform the development of more comprehensive laws on TDV that may ultimately reduce such incidents.
登录
查看更多内容
影响因子：
33.9
作者：
Basile, Kathleen C.;Clayton, Heather B.;Lowry, Richard
通讯作者：
Lowry, Richard
影响因子：
0.8
作者：
Rueda, Heidi Adams;Fawson, Peter R.
通讯作者：
Fawson, Peter R.
影响因子：
8
作者：
Exner-Cortens, Deinera;Eckenrode, John;Rothman, Emily
通讯作者：
Rothman, Emily
影响因子：
1.8
作者：
Hall W
通讯作者：
Hall W
影响因子：
3.5
作者：
Edwards, Katie M.;Banyard, Victoria L.;Chang, Hong
通讯作者：
Chang, Hong