Rhesus macaque social functioning is paternally, but not maternally, inherited by sons: potential implications for autism.
Rhesus macaque social functioning is paternally, but not maternally, inherited by sons: potential implications for autism.
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DOI：
10.1186/s13229-023-00556-3
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发表时间：
2023-07-21
期刊：
影响因子：
6.2
通讯作者：
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
数量自闭症特征是常见的，可遗传的，并持续分布在整个人类群体中。家庭内自闭症特征的模式表明，可能涉及比简单的孟德尔遗传更复杂的机制--特别是父母原籍效应。确定父母的起源效应的理想策略是通过同父异母的兄弟姐妹分析，即同父异母的兄弟姐妹共享父母之一，但不是两个，每个人都属于父亲和母亲同父异母的兄弟姐妹的独特组合。虽然这种家庭结构在人类中很少见，但我们的许多灵长类亲戚，包括猕猴，都有混杂繁殖系统，总是为给定的索引动物产生父母亲同父异母的兄弟姐妹。恒河猴和人类一样，在社会功能上也表现出明显的变化。在这里，我们使用行为学观察和反向翻译的量化自闭症特质测量量表的评级来评估雄性猕猴后代(N = 407)的不同父系和母系社会功能遗传。采用具有无界方差估计的受限最大似然混合模型来估计计算双亲遗传贡献所需的方差分量，即可唯一归因于共同遗传的儿子间的表型方差(σ2P)比例(σ2g)，表示为σ2g/σ2P(或可归因于遗传方差的表型方差的比例)，以及狭义遗传力(H2)。遗传贡献率和遗传力估计对于有父亲的儿子来说很强，而且非常重要，但对于有母亲的儿子来说很弱，没有意义。重要的是，这些发现是在同一分析中使用相同儿子的相同分数来检测的，在分别分析父亲和母亲同父异母的兄弟姐妹时得到证实，并使用两种方法上不同的行为测量进行观察。最后，与只有一个父亲的同父异母兄弟姐妹相比，同父异母的兄弟姐妹的遗传贡献相似，进一步支持了选择性的父系遗传效应。这些数据本质上是相互关联的。更大的样本，包括女性受试者，能够进行更深入的系谱评估，并支持分子遗传分析是必要的。恒河猴的社会功能可能是父系遗传的，但不是母系遗传的。随着研究的继续，这种方法可能会对自闭症遗传易感性的性别差异产生重要的见解。
Quantitative autistic traits are common, heritable, and continuously distributed across the general human population. Patterns of autistic traits within families suggest that more complex mechanisms than simple Mendelian inheritance—in particular, parent of origin effects—may be involved. The ideal strategy for ascertaining parent of origin effects is by half-sibling analysis, where half-siblings share one, but not both, parents and each individual belongs to a unique combination of paternal and maternal half-siblings. While this family structure is rare in humans, many of our primate relatives, including rhesus macaques, have promiscuous breeding systems that consistently produce paternal and maternal half-siblings for a given index animal. Rhesus macaques, like humans, also exhibit pronounced variation in social functioning. Here we assessed differential paternal versus maternal inheritance of social functioning in male rhesus macaque offspring (N = 407) using ethological observations and ratings on a reverse-translated quantitative autistic trait measurement scale. Restricted Maximum Likelihood mixed models with unbounded variance estimates were used to estimate the variance components needed to calculate the genetic contribution of parents as the proportion of phenotypic variance (σ2P) between sons that could uniquely be attributed to their shared genetics (σ2g), expressed as σ2g/σ2P (or the proportion of phenotypic variance attributable to genetic variance), as well as narrow sense heritability (h2). Genetic contributions and heritability estimates were strong and highly significant for sons who shared a father but weak and non-significant for sons who shared a mother. Importantly, these findings were detected using the same scores from the same sons in the same analysis, confirmed when paternal and maternal half-siblings were analyzed separately, and observed with two methodologically distinct behavioral measures. Finally, genetic contributions were similar for full-siblings versus half-siblings that shared only a father, further supporting a selective paternal inheritance effect. These data are correlational by nature. A larger sample that includes female subjects, enables deeper pedigree assessments, and supports molecular genetic analyses is warranted. Rhesus macaque social functioning may be paternally, but not maternally, inherited by sons. With continued investigation, this approach may yield important insights into sex differences in autism’s genetic liability.
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影响因子：
10.6
作者：
Constantino, JN;Todd, RD
通讯作者：
Todd, RD
影响因子：
3.9
作者：
Constantino, JN;Davis, SA;Reich, W
通讯作者：
Reich, W
影响因子：
--
作者：
Lundstrom, Sebastian;Chang, Zheng;Lichtenstein, Paul
通讯作者：
Lichtenstein, Paul
DOI：
10.1002/aur.2675
发表时间：
2022-03
期刊：
Autism research : official journal of the International Society for Autism Research
影响因子：
--
作者：
Gunter C;Harris RA;Kovacs-Balint Z;Raveendran M;Michopoulos V;Bachevalier J;Raper J;Sanchez MM;Rogers J
通讯作者：
Rogers J
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Feczko EJ;Bliss-Moreau E;Walum H;Pruett JR Jr;Parr LA
通讯作者：
Parr LA