Bloom's syndrome helicase and Mus81 are required to induce transient double-strand DNA breaks in response to DNA replication stress.

Bloom's syndrome helicase and Mus81 are required to induce transient double-strand DNA breaks in response to DNA replication stress.
复制标题

布卢姆氏综合征解旋酶和 Mus81 需要诱导短暂的双链 DNA 断裂以响应 DNA 复制应激。

DOI:
10.1016/j.jmb.2007.11.006
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发表时间:
2008
影响因子:
5.6
通讯作者:
Aladjem,MiritI
Aladjem,MiritI
中科院分区:
生物学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Shimura,Tsutomu;Torres,MichaelJ;Martin,MelveniaM;Rao,VAshutosh;Pommier,Yves;Katsura,Mari;Miyagawa,Kiyoshi;Aladjem,MiritI

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受到干扰的 DNA 复制要么会激活细胞周期检查点,从而停止 DNA 复制,要么会降低 DNA 合成速率而不激活检查点。在这里,我们报告说,在低剂量下,复制抑制剂不会激活细胞周期检查点,但它们确实激活了一个过程,该过程需要功能性布卢姆综合征相关(BLM)解旋酶、Mus81核酸酶和共济失调毛细血管扩张突变以及Rad3相关(ATR)激酶来诱导短暂的双链DNA断裂。短暂 DNA 断裂的诱导伴随着增殖细胞核抗原 (PCNA) 和 DNA 聚合酶 α 从复制叉的解离。在具有功能性 BLM、Mus81 和 ATR 的细胞中,短暂的断裂被迅速修复,并且 DNA 在复制抑制剂存在的情况下继续以缓慢的速度复制。在缺乏 BLM、Mus81 或 ATR 的细胞中,不会形成短暂断裂,DNA 复制不会恢复,并且暴露于低剂量的复制抑制剂是有毒的。这些观察结果表明,当细胞遇到减慢 DNA 复制的条件时,需要 BLM 解旋酶、ATR 激酶和 Mus81 核酸酶将受干扰的复制叉转化为 DNA 断裂,从而导致这些断裂的快速修复并恢复 DNA 复制,而不会引起 DNA 损伤,也不会激活细胞周期检查点。
Perturbed DNA replication either activates a cell cycle checkpoint, which halts DNA replication, or decreases the rate of DNA synthesis without activating a checkpoint. Here we report that at low doses, replication inhibitors did not activate a cell cycle checkpoint, but they did activate a process that required functional Bloom's syndrome-associated (BLM) helicase, Mus81 nuclease and ataxia telangiectasia mutated and Rad3-related (ATR) kinase to induce transient double-stranded DNA breaks. The induction of transient DNA breaks was accompanied by dissociation of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and DNA polymerase α from replication forks. In cells with functional BLM, Mus81 and ATR, the transient breaks were promptly repaired and DNA continued to replicate at a slow pace in the presence of replication inhibitors. In cells that lacked BLM, Mus81, or ATR, transient breaks did not form, DNA replication did not resume, and exposure to low doses of replication inhibitors was toxic. These observations suggest that BLM helicase, ATR kinase, and Mus81 nuclease are required to convert perturbed replication forks to DNA breaks when cells encounter conditions that decelerate DNA replication, thereby leading to the rapid repair of those breaks and resumption of DNA replication without incurring DNA damage and without activating a cell cycle checkpoint.
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