Peptide nucleic acids: Advanced tools for biomedical applications.
Peptide nucleic acids: Advanced tools for biomedical applications.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jbiotec.2017.07.026
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发表时间：
2017-10-10
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
Puri N
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gupta A;Mishra A;Puri N
肽核酸 - DNA/RNA类似物
肽核酸主链的不同修饰及其影响
中性主链 - 显著的杂交特性
基于肽核酸的生物传感器及其多样的生物医学应用
潜在的反基因和反义试剂
肽核酸（PNAs）是DNA/RNA类似物，其中糖 - 磷酸主链被N - 2 - 氨乙基甘氨酸重复单元所取代。肽核酸含有中性主链，因此由于不存在静电排斥，其与互补寡核苷酸的杂交显示出显著的稳定性。由于酶的底物特异性，肽核酸对化学物质和酶的切割具有高度抗性，因此在细胞内不会降解。由于肽核酸分别通过抑制翻译和转录在反义和反基因疗法中的应用，它们正在成为市场上的新工具。因此，已经开发了几种基于肽核酸的方法来设计各种抗癌和反基因药物、检测突变或调节PCR反应。DNA的双链同嘌呤序列也可被肽核酸识别，通过链侵入使一条DNA链成环而形成稳定的肽核酸/DNA/肽核酸三链体。还发现肽核酸在各种研究目的中可替代DNA探针。肽核酸在细胞摄取方面存在一些缺点，因此有必要对肽核酸主链进行修饰或与细胞穿透肽共价偶联，以改善其在细胞内的传递。在这篇综述中，详细阐述了肽核酸的杂交特性以及其在诊断和制药领域的潜在应用。
Peptide Nucleic Acids − DNA/RNA analogues. Different Modifications on PNA backbone and their effects. Neutral backbone − remarkable hybridization properties. PNA based biosensors and their diverse biomedical applications. Potential antigene and antisense agents. Peptide Nucleic Acids (PNAs) are the DNA/RNA analogues in which sugar-phosphate backbone is replaced by N-2-aminoethylglycine repeating units. PNA contains neutral backbone hence due to the absence of electrostatic repulsion, its hybridization shows remarkable stability towards complementary oligonucleotides. PNAs are highly resistant to cleavage by chemicals and enzymes due to the substrate specific nature of enzymes and therefore not degraded inside the cells. PNAs are emerging as new tools in the market due to their applications in antisense and antigene therapies by inhibiting translation and transcription respectively. Hence, several methods based on PNAs have been developed for designing various anticancer and antigene drugs, detection of mutations or modulation of PCR reactions. The duplex homopurine sequence of DNA may also be recognized by PNA, forming firm PNA/DNA/PNA triplex through strand invasion with a looped-out DNA strand. PNAs have also been found to replace DNA probes in varied investigative purposes. There are several disadvantages regarding cellular uptake of PNA, so modifications in PNA backbone or covalent coupling with cell penetrating peptides is necessary to improve its delivery inside the cells. In this review, hybridization properties along with potential applications of PNA in the field of diagnostics and pharmaceuticals are elaborated.
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影响因子：
4.1
作者：
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