Grammatical gender in L2: A production or a real-time processing problem?
Grammatical gender in L2: A production or a real-time processing problem?
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DOI：
10.1177/0267658312437990
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发表时间：
2012
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Fernald A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Grüter T;Lew-Williams C;Fernald A
掌握语法性别在第二语言(L2)中是很难实现的。本研究旨在探讨在其他语言熟练程度较高的二语学习者的言语中经常观察到的语法性别方面的持续困难是一种特定于产出的表现问题，还是在实时语言使用中提取性别信息方面的困难。在一项跨越生产/理解和线上/线下任务的实验设计中，高水平的西班牙语学习者在离线理解中表现出极高的成绩，在引出的生产中表现出错误，在熟悉(尽管不是新奇)的名词的在线加工中对性别线索的使用弱于本族语使用者。这些发现表明，持续的语法性别困难可能不仅限于语言产出领域，还可能影响语言的实时表达和接受性使用。我们认为，本族语者和非本族语者之间的表现差异在于语法性别的词汇表征水平，并源于婴儿和成年人学习单词的方式的根本差异。
Mastery of grammatical gender is difficult to achieve in a second language (L2). This study investigates whether persistent difficulty with grammatical gender often observed in the speech of otherwise highly proficient L2 learners is best characterized as a production-specific performance problem, or as difficulty with the retrieval of gender information in real-time language use. In an experimental design that crossed production/comprehension and online/offline tasks, highly proficient L2 learners of Spanish performed at ceiling in offline comprehension, showed errors in elicited production, and exhibited weaker use of gender cues in online processing of familiar (though not novel) nouns than native speakers. These findings suggest that persistent difficulty with grammatical gender may not be limited to the realm of language production, but could affect both expressive and receptive use of language in real time. We propose that the observed differences in performance between native and non-native speakers lie at the level of lexical representation of grammatical gender and arise from fundamental differences in how infants and adults approach word learning.
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影响因子：
3.4
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