Inhibition, Updating Working Memory, and Shifting Predict Reading Disability Symptoms in a Hybrid Model: Project KIDS.
Inhibition, Updating Working Memory, and Shifting Predict Reading Disability Symptoms in a Hybrid Model: Project KIDS.
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DOI：
10.3389/fpsyg.2018.00238
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发表时间：
2018
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Hart SA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Daucourt MC;Schatschneider C;Connor CM;Al Otaiba S;Hart SA
最近的成就研究表明，执行功能（EF），一组控制目标导向行为所需的思想和行动的调节过程，与典型和非典型阅读表现有关。本研究以阅读障碍的混合模式探讨执行功能与抑制、工作记忆更新及转换的关系。我们的样本包括420名儿童，他们在KG三年级时参加了一个更广泛的干预项目（年龄M = 6.63岁，SD = 1.04岁，范围= 4.79-10.40岁）。在使用父母报告的执行功能行为评定量表（BRIEF）评估他们的EF时，他们的平均年龄为13.21岁（SD = 1.54岁;范围= 10.47-16.63岁）。RD的混合模型被操作为由四种症状组成的复合物，并且被设置为使得任何儿童可以具有混合模型中包括的任何一种、任何两种、任何三种、任何四种或没有症状。这四种症状包括单词阅读成绩低、意外的单词阅读成绩低、与听力理解相比更差的阅读理解以及对干预的双重差异反应，需要单词阅读成绩低和增长低。我们的多层次有序逻辑回归分析的结果表明，EF的所有三个组成部分（抑制，更新工作记忆，转移）和RD的混合模型之间的显着关系，以及RD的分类EF的预测能力的强度是最高的，当RD被建模为至少有一个或多个症状。重要的是，被归类为RD的机会随着EF性能的恶化而增加，随着EF性能的改善而减少。任何一个EF组件是否会出现作为一个上级预测的问题也进行了检查，结果表明，抑制，更新工作记忆，和移位作为RD的混合模型的预测同样有价值。总的来说，当RD使用混合模型操作时，所有EF组分都是RD的显著且同样有效的预测因子。
Recent achievement research suggests that executive function (EF), a set of regulatory processes that control both thought and action necessary for goal-directed behavior, is related to typical and atypical reading performance. This project examines the relation of EF, as measured by its components, Inhibition, Updating Working Memory, and Shifting, with a hybrid model of reading disability (RD). Our sample included 420 children who participated in a broader intervention project when they were in KG-third grade (age M = 6.63 years, SD = 1.04 years, range = 4.79–10.40 years). At the time their EF was assessed, using a parent-report Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function (BRIEF), they had a mean age of 13.21 years (SD = 1.54 years; range = 10.47–16.63 years). The hybrid model of RD was operationalized as a composite consisting of four symptoms, and set so that any child could have any one, any two, any three, any four, or none of the symptoms included in the hybrid model. The four symptoms include low word reading achievement, unexpected low word reading achievement, poorer reading comprehension compared to listening comprehension, and dual-discrepancy response-to-intervention, requiring both low achievement and low growth in word reading. The results of our multilevel ordinal logistic regression analyses showed a significant relation between all three components of EF (Inhibition, Updating Working Memory, and Shifting) and the hybrid model of RD, and that the strength of EF’s predictive power for RD classification was the highest when RD was modeled as having at least one or more symptoms. Importantly, the chances of being classified as having RD increased as EF performance worsened and decreased as EF performance improved. The question of whether any one EF component would emerge as a superior predictor was also examined and results showed that Inhibition, Updating Working Memory, and Shifting were equally valuable as predictors of the hybrid model of RD. In total, all EF components were significant and equally effective predictors of RD when RD was operationalized using the hybrid model.
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