Ticks harbor and excrete chronic wasting disease prions.
Ticks harbor and excrete chronic wasting disease prions.
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DOI：
10.1038/s41598-023-34308-3
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发表时间：
2023-05-15
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
慢性消耗性疾病（CWD）是一种由传染性朊病毒（PrPCWD）引起的致死性神经退行性疾病。在血液中循环的PrPCWD可能会通过作为机械媒介的噬血体外寄生虫间接传播。提供者可以携带高蜱虫感染，并表现出异体修饰，这是一种常见的蜱虫防御策略。如果蜱虫携带PrPCWD，在异源梳理期间摄入蜱虫可能使naïve动物暴露于CWD。本研究通过结合实验蜱喂养试验和对自由放养白尾鹿蜱的评估来研究蜱是否能携带与PrPCWD传播相关的数量。通过实时振动诱导转化（RT-QuIC）实验，我们发现黑腿蜱（Ixodes肩胛蜱）通过人工膜摄取和排泄PrPCWD，并以PrPCWD加入血液为食。结合RT-QuIC和蛋白错误折叠循环扩增的结果，我们对采集的野生cwd感染白尾鹿的15份蜱虫样本中的6份（40%）进行了种子活性检测。蜱的种子活动类似于从它们进食的鹿身上收集的10-1000 ng cwd阳性咽后淋巴结。估计显示，每只蜱的中位感染剂量范围为0.3-42.4，表明蜱可携带与传播相关的PrPCWD，并可能对提供者构成CWD风险。
Chronic wasting disease (CWD) is a fatal neurodegenerative disease caused by infectious prions (PrPCWD) affecting cervids. Circulating PrPCWD in blood may pose a risk for indirect transmission by way of hematophagous ectoparasites acting as mechanical vectors. Cervids can carry high tick infestations and exhibit allogrooming, a common tick defense strategy between conspecifics. Ingestion of ticks during allogrooming may expose naïve animals to CWD, if ticks harbor PrPCWD. This study investigates whether ticks can harbor transmission-relevant quantities of PrPCWD by combining experimental tick feeding trials and evaluation of ticks from free-ranging white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus). Using the real-time quaking-induced conversion (RT-QuIC) assay, we show that black-legged ticks (Ixodes scapularis) fed PrPCWD-spiked blood using artificial membranes ingest and excrete PrPCWD. Combining results of RT-QuIC and protein misfolding cyclic amplification, we detected seeding activity from 6 of 15 (40%) pooled tick samples collected from wild CWD-infected white-tailed deer. Seeding activities in ticks were analogous to 10–1000 ng of CWD-positive retropharyngeal lymph node collected from deer upon which they were feeding. Estimates revealed a median infectious dose range of 0.3–42.4 per tick, suggesting that ticks can take up transmission-relevant amounts of PrPCWD and may pose a CWD risk to cervids.
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影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Haley NJ;Seelig DM;Zabel MD;Telling GC;Hoover EA
通讯作者：
Hoover EA
影响因子：
2.3
作者：
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影响因子：
5.4
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驯鹿的鹿角食人。
影响因子：
4.6
作者：
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通讯作者：
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影响因子：
11.8
作者：
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通讯作者：
Telling GC