Antler cannibalism in reindeer.

Antler cannibalism in reindeer.
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驯鹿的鹿角食人。

DOI:
10.1038/s41598-020-79050-2
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发表时间:
2020-12-17
期刊:
影响因子:
4.6
通讯作者:
Strand O
Strand O
中科院分区:
综合性期刊3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Mysterud A;Ytrehus B;Tranulis MA;Rauset GR;Rolandsen CM;Strand O

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朊病毒病是一类致命的、变性的脑病。慢性消耗病(CWD)是一种传染性朊病毒病,在美国和加拿大正在蔓延,并造成明显的人口下降。2016年,在挪威的驯鹿种群中发现了欧洲第一次爆发的CWD。在最坏的情况下,随着CWD在欧亚大陆范围内的传播,每年约400万只鹿的收获仅在欧洲受到威胁,具有巨大的经济和文化意义。CWD的原位起源被怀疑,似乎迫切需要确定可能的原因,以防止未来的紧急情况。在这里,我们记录了新的现象,广泛的鹿茸同类相食之前,脱落驯鹿在CWD感染的人口。在过去的几十年里,当慢性消耗病出现时,鹿茸同类相食的程度有所增加,包括食用血管化的鹿茸。摄入同种动物的组织是朊病毒疾病出现的一个风险因素,在这种情况下,广泛的鹿角同类相食现象的存在开启了欧洲驯鹿中CWD“库鲁类似物”起源的有趣可能性。基于对朊病毒疾病病理学和菌株选择过程的一般认识,我们提出了一个假设,即在我们这里记录的独特流行病学条件下,传染性慢性消耗病如何从散发性慢性消耗病中出现。需要进行更多的研究,以记录驯鹿鹿角中朊病毒的存在,以及鹿角同类相食是否实际上导致了一个品系选择过程,以及从零星形式的慢性消耗病出现传染形式的慢性消耗病。
Prion diseases constitute a class of invariably fatal and degenerative encephalopathies. Chronic Wasting Disease (CWD) is a contagious prion disease among cervids, which is spreading and causing marked population declines in USA and Canada. The first outbreak of CWD in Europe was discovered in a reindeer population in Norway in 2016. In the worst-case scenario with continental-wide spreading of CWD in Eurasia, an annual harvest of around 4 million cervids is at stake only in Europe, with huge economic and cultural significance. An in situ origin of CWD was suspected, and it appear urgent to identify the likely cause to prevent future emergences. Here, we document the novel phenomenon of extensive antler cannibalism prior to shedding among reindeer in the CWD-infected population. The extent of antler cannibalism increased over the last decades when CWD emerged, and included ingestion of vascularized antlers. Ingestion of tissues from conspecifics is a risk factor for the emergence of prion diseases, where the presence of extensive antler cannibalism opens the intriguing possibility of a ‘Kuru-analogue’ origin of CWD among the reindeer in Europe. Based on general insight on pathology of prion diseases and strain selection processes, we propose an hypothesis for how contagious CWD may emerge from sporadic CWD under the unique epidemiological conditions we document here. More research is required to document the presence of prions in reindeer antlers, and whether antler cannibalism actually led to a strain selection process and the emergence of a contagious form of CWD from a sporadic form of CWD.
人类朊病毒疾病的流行病学特征。
DOI: 10.1186/s40249-016-0143-8
发表时间: 2016-06-02
影响因子: 8.1
作者:
Chen C;Dong XP
通讯作者: Dong XP
DOI: 10.1186/s13567-016-0375-4
发表时间: 2016-09-15
影响因子: 4.4
作者:
Benestad SL;Mitchell G;Simmons M;Ytrehus B;Vikøren T
通讯作者: Vikøren T
DOI: 10.3390/pathogens7010005
发表时间: 2018-01-01
期刊: Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland)
影响因子: --
作者:
Igel-Egalon A;Béringue V;Rezaei H;Sibille P
通讯作者: Sibille P
DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2006.06.016
发表时间: 2006-10-31
影响因子: 3.3
作者:
Buschmann, A.;Gretzschel, A.;Groschup, Martin H.
通讯作者: Groschup, Martin H.
DOI: 10.3201/eid1505.081458
发表时间: 2009-05
影响因子: 11.8
作者:
Angers RC;Seward TS;Napier D;Green M;Hoover E;Spraker T;O'Rourke K;Balachandran A;Telling GC
通讯作者: Telling GC