Distinct effects of interleukin-6 and interferon-γ on differentiating human cortical neurons.

Distinct effects of interleukin-6 and interferon-γ on differentiating human cortical neurons.
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白细胞介素-6和干扰素-γ对人皮层神经元分化的不同影响

DOI:
10.1016/j.bbi.2022.04.007
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发表时间:
2022-07
影响因子:
15.1
通讯作者:
Karmacharya, Rakesh
Karmacharya, Rakesh
中科院分区:
医学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Kathuria, Annie;Lopez-Lengowski, Kara;Roffman, Joshua L.;Karmacharya, Rakesh

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翻译证据表明,参与母体免疫激活(MIA)的细胞因子,如白细胞介素-6 (IL-6)和干扰素-γ (IFN-γ),可以穿过胎盘,损伤胎儿大脑,并易患神经精神疾病。为了详细说明MIA的发育神经元后遗症,我们将人类多能干细胞分化为皮质神经元,并将其暴露于IL-6或IFN-γ中两个月。IL-6影响调节细胞外基质、肌动蛋白骨架和TGF-β信号的基因表达,而IFN-γ影响调节抗原加工、主要组织相容性复合体和内质网生物学的基因表达。IL-6(而非IFN-γ)改变线粒体呼吸,IFN-γ(而非IL-6)诱导树突棘密度降低。已知具有神经保护和抗炎特性的叶酸预处理可改善IL-6对线粒体呼吸的作用和IFN-γ对树突棘密度的作用。这些发现提示了胎儿IL-6和IFN-γ暴露如何影响神经精神疾病风险的不同机制,以及叶酸如何减轻这种风险。
Translational evidence suggests that cytokines involved in maternal immune activation (MIA), such as interleukin-6 (IL-6) and interferon-γ (IFN-γ), can cross the placenta, injure fetal brain, and predispose to neuropsychiatric disorders. To elaborate developmental neuronal sequelae of MIA, we differentiated human pluripotent stem cells to cortical neurons over a two-month period, exposing them to IL-6 or IFN-γ. IL-6 impacted expression of genes regulating extracellular matrix, actin cytoskeleton and TGF-β signaling while IFN-γ impacted genes regulating antigen processing, major histocompatibility complex and endoplasmic reticulum biology. IL-6, but not IFN-γ, altered mitochondrial respiration while IFN-γ, but not IL-6, induced reduction in dendritic spine density. Pre-treatment with folic acid, which has known neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory properties, ameliorated IL-6 effects on mitochondrial respiration and IFN-γ effects on dendritic spine density. These findings suggest distinct mechanisms for how fetal IL-6 and IFN-γ exposure influence risk for neuropsychiatric disorders, and how folic acid can mitigate such risk.
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