Integrative taxonomy of the ornamental 'peppermint' shrimp public market and population genetics of Lysmata boggessi, the most heavily traded species worldwide.
Integrative taxonomy of the ornamental 'peppermint' shrimp public market and population genetics of Lysmata boggessi, the most heavily traded species worldwide.
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作者：
Baeza JA;Behringer DC
装饰品贸易是一个价值超过150亿美元的全球产业，但存在猖獗的产品错误识别问题。在贸易中过度开发物种的情况下，最大限度地减少错误识别至关重要。我们调查了薄荷虾观赏市场在美国东南部，最激烈的市场薄荷虾全球，在贸易中的物种组成的特点，揭示了错误识别的程度，并描述了真正的目标物种的群体遗传学。虾购自佛罗里达州、佐治亚州、南卡罗来纳州和北卡罗来纳州的水族馆商店。我们证明，与流行的信念（从经销商的信息），在市场上交易量最大的物种是Lysmata boggessi，墨西哥湾东部的特有物种，而不是Lysmata wurdemanni。重要的是，只有当颜色模式或遗传标记与形态特征相结合，是可能明确地鉴定L。博格斯是唯一的贸易物种。美国市场对薄荷虾的需求导致了L。博格斯是世界上交易量最大的物种虾水族馆贸易中的错误识别是偶然的和非自愿的，并解释了同源物种之间的显着相似性。利用16 S-mt-DNA标记的序列，我们没有发现在地方L的群体遗传结构的迹象。boggessi横跨550公里的线性海岸。因此，这一鱼种可被视为遗传同质的单一捕捞种群。尽管如此，我们还是主张使用更强大的标记物进行更多的研究（例如，SNPs）能够在更精细的空间尺度上揭示遗传结构。我们的研究结果将有助于推进这一利润丰厚但研究不足的渔业的管理和保护政策。其他观赏渔业的未来研究将受益于使用综合分类方法，我们在这里展示。
The ornamental trade is a worldwide industry worth >15 billion USD with a problem of rampant product misidentification. Minimizing misidentification is critical in the face of overexploitation of species in the trade. We surveyed the peppermint shrimp ornamental marketplace in the southeastern USA, the most intense market for peppermint shrimps worldwide, to characterize the composition of species in the trade, reveal the extent of misidentification, and describe the population genetics of the true target species. Shrimps were bought from aquarium shops in FL, GA, SC, and NC. We demonstrated, contrary to popular belief (information from dealers), that the most heavily traded species in the market was Lysmata boggessi, an endemic species to the eastern Gulf of Mexico, and not Lysmata wurdemanni. Importantly, only when color pattern or genetic markers in conjunction with morphological traits were employed, was it was possible to unequivocally identify L. boggessi as the only species in the trade. The intensity of the market for peppermint shrimps in the USA has led to L. boggessi being the most traded species worldwide. Misidentification in the shrimp aquarium trade is accidental and involuntary, and is explained by remarkable similarity among congeneric species. Using sequences of the 16S-mt-DNA marker, we found no indication of population genetic structure in the endemic L. boggessi across 550 km of linear coast. Therefore, this species can be considered genetically homogeneous and a single fished stock. Still, we argue in favor of additional studies using more powerful markers (e.g., SNPs) capable of revealing genetic structure at a finer spatial-scale. Our results will help advance management and conservation policies in this lucrative yet understudied fishery. Future studies of other ornamental fisheries will benefit from using an integrative taxonomic approach, as we demonstrate here.
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