Genetic mechanisms of antimicrobial resistance identified in Salmonella enterica, Escherichia coli, and Enteroccocus spp. isolated from U.S. food animals.
Genetic mechanisms of antimicrobial resistance identified in Salmonella enterica, Escherichia coli, and Enteroccocus spp. isolated from U.S. food animals.
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DOI：
10.3389/fmicb.2013.00135
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发表时间：
2013
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Jackson CR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Frye JG;Jackson CR
在过去的几十年里，从美国食用动物中分离出来的细菌中抗菌素耐药性（AR）的流行程度有所增加，因为人们对AR食源性人畜共患感染的担忧也有所增加。在美国动物分离的肠沙门氏菌中发现的耐药机制包括对氨基糖苷类（如aacC、aadA、aadB、ant、aphA和StrAB的等位基因）、β-内酰胺类（如blaCMY−2、TEM−1、PSE−1）、氯霉素类（如floR、cmlA、cat1、cat2）、叶酸途径抑制剂（如sul和dfr的等位基因）和四环素类(如tet(A)、(B)、(C)、（D)、(G)和tetR的等位基因）的耐药性。在美国，沙门氏菌动物分离株的多重耐药（MDR）机制与整合子或移动遗传元件（MGEs）有关，例如可以在细菌之间转移的IncA/C质粒。据认为，急性呼吸道感染沙门氏菌起源于食用动物，并通过食物传播给人类。然而，在美国从人类分离的一些AR沙门氏菌与从食用动物分离的沙门氏菌具有不同的AR成分，这表明某些AR人类感染的病因不同。在美国以外的分离株中发现的AR机制也主要不同。例如，在全球人类和动物分离株中发现了广谱β-内酰胺酶（ESBLs）；然而，在美国，迄今为止只在人类中发现了ESBLs，而没有在食用动物中发现。包括大肠杆菌和肠球菌在内的动物共生细菌可能是AR机制的宿主。从美国动物分离出的大肠杆菌中发现的许多AR基因和MGEs与沙门氏菌中的相似。从动物中分离出来的肠球菌经常携带带有AR基因的MGEs，包括对氨基糖苷类（如aac、ant和aph的等位基因）、大环内酯类(如erm（A)、erm(B)和msrC）和四环素类(如tet(K)、(L)、(M)、（O)、(S)）的抗性。需要继续开展调查，以帮助了解和减轻急性呼吸道感染细菌对人类和动物健康的影响。
The prevalence of antimicrobial resistance (AR) in bacteria isolated from U.S. food animals has increased over the last several decades as have concerns of AR foodborne zoonotic human infections. Resistance mechanisms identified in U.S. animal isolates of Salmonella enterica included resistance to aminoglycosides (e.g., alleles of aacC, aadA, aadB, ant, aphA, and StrAB), β-lactams (e.g., blaCMY−2, TEM−1, PSE−1), chloramphenicol (e.g., floR, cmlA, cat1, cat2), folate pathway inhibitors (e.g., alleles of sul and dfr), and tetracycline [e.g., alleles of tet(A), (B), (C), (D), (G), and tetR]. In the U.S., multi-drug resistance (MDR) mechanisms in Salmonella animal isolates were associated with integrons, or mobile genetic elements (MGEs) such as IncA/C plasmids which can be transferred among bacteria. It is thought that AR Salmonella originates in food animals and is transmitted through food to humans. However, some AR Salmonella isolated from humans in the U.S. have different AR elements than those isolated from food animals, suggesting a different etiology for some AR human infections. The AR mechanisms identified in isolates from outside the U.S. are also predominantly different. For example the extended spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) are found in human and animal isolates globally; however, in the U.S., ESBLs thus far have only been found in human and not food animal isolates. Commensal bacteria in animals including Escherichia coli and Enterococcus spp. may be reservoirs for AR mechanisms. Many of the AR genes and MGEs found in E. coli isolated from U.S. animals are similar to those found in Salmonella. Enterococcus spp. isolated from animals frequently carry MGEs with AR genes, including resistances to aminoglycosides (e.g., alleles of aac, ant, and aph), macrolides [e.g., erm(A), erm(B), and msrC], and tetracyclines [e.g., tet(K), (L), (M), (O), (S)]. Continuing investigations are required to help understand and mitigate the impact of AR bacteria on human and animal health.
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影响因子：
4.9
作者：
Bagel, S;Hüllen, V;Heisig, P
通讯作者：
Heisig, P
影响因子：
3.1
作者：
Allen, CA;Fedorka-Cray, PJ;Libby, SJ
通讯作者：
Libby, SJ
影响因子：
9.4
作者：
Baggesen, DL;Sandvang, D;Aarestrup, FM
通讯作者：
Aarestrup, FM
DOI：
10.1111/j.1469-0691.2010.03214.x
发表时间：
2010-06
期刊：
Clinical microbiology and infection : the official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases
影响因子：
--
作者：
Arias CA;Contreras GA;Murray BE
通讯作者：
Murray BE
影响因子：
4.9
作者：
Aarestrup, FM;Seyfarth, AM;Bager, F
通讯作者：
Bager, F